Carbon dots (CDs) have successfully stood out among numerous materials, attributed to their superior characteristics, including ultra-small size, good photostability, excellent biocompatibility, and tunable fluorescence property. Accompanied by their remarkable performance, emerging concerns regarding the increasing possibility of CDs entering the ecology grow. It has become a relevant task to conquer the bottleneck of CD preparation and face the challenges including environmental deterioration and non-renewable resource consumption. CDs derived from natural sources have recently attracted significant attention and demonstrated great potential as promising substitutes for various applications. This review focuses on the CDs derived from natural sources and their biological and environmental impacts. We first provide an overview of various raw materials, including biomass and biomass waste, that can be employed for the preparation of CDs, together with their feature synthesis procedures. Then, we systematically introduce the impacts of CDs on humans and the environment from both positive and concerning aspects, such as the promising applications in biomedicine and the potential risk to the function of biomolecules. Finally, we discuss the ongoing challenges and give a future perspective for thoroughly evaluating the influence of CDs derived from natural sources on our daily life.

中文翻译：

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源自自然资源的碳点及其对生物和环境的影响

碳点 (CD) 凭借其超小尺寸、良好的光稳定性、优异的生物相容性和可调谐的荧光特性等优越特性，在众多材料中成功脱颖而出。伴随着它们卓越的表现，人们越来越担心 CD 进入生态系统的可能性越来越大。攻克CD制备的瓶颈，面临环境恶化、不可再生资源消耗等挑战，已成为一项重要任务。源自天然来源的 CD 最近引起了极大的关注，并显示出作为各种应用的有希望的替代品的巨大潜力。本综述重点关注源自自然资源的 CD 及其对生物和环境的影响。我们首先概述了可用于制备 CD 的各种原材料，包括生物质和生物质废物，以及它们的特征合成程序。然后，我们系统地介绍了 CDs 对人类和环境的影响，从积极的方面和相关的方面，例如在生物医学中的应用前景和对生物分子功能的潜在风险。最后，我们讨论了当前面临的挑战，并为彻底评估源自自然资源的 CD 对我们日常生活的影响给出了未来的展望。例如在生物医学中的有前景的应用以及对生物分子功能的潜在风险。最后，我们讨论了当前面临的挑战，并为彻底评估源自自然资源的 CD 对我们日常生活的影响给出了未来的展望。例如在生物医学中的有前景的应用以及对生物分子功能的潜在风险。最后，我们讨论了当前面临的挑战，并为彻底评估源自自然资源的 CD 对我们日常生活的影响给出了未来的展望。