当前位置: X-MOL 学术Land Use Policy › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Producing rice while conserving the habitat of an endangered waterbird: Incentives for farmers to integrate water management
Land Use Policy ( IF 6.189 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2022.106269
Matthew W. Herring, Stephen T. Garnett, Kerstin K. Zander

Effective incentive programs for farmers to conserve biodiversity on their properties are vital for sustainability. Most such programs have focussed on natural areas, like revegetating waterways, but novel agricultural habitats amplify the commitment required of farmers and the need for collaboration in the conservation process. The rice fields of Australia’s Murray-Darling Basin are a key habitat for a globally endangered waterbird, the Australasian bittern, but early and sufficient ponding periods that facilitate successful breeding are inconsistent with maximising yield per megalitre of water used. We aimed to understand farmers’ willingness to undertake ‘bittern-friendly’ rice growing practices and their preferences for hypothetical incentive programs. Public recognition of the habitat values of their fields was a key motivation for participation, and, across the industry, we estimated that rice growers were willing to forgo an annual profit margin totalling $AU1.42 million per annum to further bittern conservation. We tested for social desirability bias, finding the inferred valuation – their nearest rice growing neighbour – was 51 % lower, but still a substantial in-kind contribution. More than half of growers did not need compensation to control foxes and cats, or to avoid herbicide use on rice bay banks, while about a third would undertake each of the other conservation actions. For financial incentives, a choice experiment showed the payment rate was important but farmers strongly preferred less demanding management requirements. The 11-day variation in ponding commencement and period was highly valued by growers, and can be crucial to bitterns. Growers also preferred higher levels of contract flexibility, while the intensity of compliance monitoring had little impact on their choices. The preferred incentive type was to use public environmental water with no money exchanged, followed by a consumer-funded program with bittern-friendly rice products, and a standard government contract, whereas a pledge system and a tender were relatively unpopular. Bittern-friendly rice growing incentive programs should be successful if they foster custodianship, harness in-kind contributions, improve rice farming’s public image, and work with growers where opportunity costs for additional water are low.



中文翻译:

在保护濒临灭绝的水鸟栖息地的同时生产水稻:激励农民整合水资源管理

对农民保护其财产上的生物多样性的有效激励计划对于可持续性至关重要。大多数此类计划都侧重于自然区域,例如重新种植水道,但新的农业栖息地扩大了农民的承诺以及在保护过程中合作的必要性。这澳大利亚墨累-达令盆地的稻田是全球濒临灭绝的水鸟——澳大利亚卤水鸟的重要栖息地,但促进成功繁殖的早期和充足的蓄水期与最大化每兆升水的产量是不一致的。我们的目的是了解农民进行“对卤水有益”的水稻种植实践的意愿以及他们对假设激励计划的偏好。公众对其田地栖息地价值的认可是参与的关键动力,而且,在整个行业中,我们估计水稻种植者愿意放弃每年总计 142 万澳元的年利润,以进一步进行卤水保护。我们测试了社会期望偏差,发现推断的估值——他们最近的水稻种植邻居——低了 51%,但仍然是一笔可观的实物捐助。超过一半的种植者不需要补偿来控制狐狸和猫,或避免在稻谷岸边使用除草剂,而大约三分之一的种植者将承担其他保护行动。对于经济激励,一项选择实验表明支付率很重要,但农民强烈倾向于要求不那么苛刻的管理要求。11 天的蓄水开始时间和周期变化受到种植者的高度重视,对卤水至关重要。种植者也更喜欢更高水平的合同灵活性,而合规监控的强度对其选择几乎没有影响。首选的激励类型是使用公共环境用水,无需兑换金钱,其次是消费者资助的含卤味大米产品的计划,和标准的政府合同,而质押制度和招标相对不受欢迎。如果能促进监管、利用实物捐助、改善水稻种植的公众形象,并在额外水的机会成本较低的情况下与种植者合作,那么对卤水友好的水稻种植激励计划应该会取得成功。

更新日期:2022-07-12
down
wechat
bug