According to the predictive-processing framework, only prediction errors (rather than all sensory inputs) are processed by an organism’s perceptual system. Prediction errors can be weighted such that errors from more reliable sources will be more influential in updating prior beliefs. It has previously been argued that autism-spectrum conditions can be understood as resulting from a predictive-processing mechanism in which an inflexibly high weight is given to sensory-prediction errors that results in overfitting their predictive models to the world. Deficits in executive functioning, theory of mind, and central coherence are all argued to flow naturally from this core underlying mechanism. The diametric model of autism and psychosis suggests a simple extension of this hypothesis. If people on the autism spectrum give an inflexibly high weight to sensory input, could it be that people with a predisposition to psychosis (i.e., people high in positive schizotypy) give an inflexibly low weight to sensory input? In this article I argue that evidence strongly supports this hypothesis. An inflexibly low weight given to sensory input can explain such disparate features of positive schizotypy as increased exploratory behavior, apophenia, hyper theory of mind, hyperactive imagination, attentional differences, and having idiosyncratic worldviews.

根据预测处理框架，有机体的感知系统仅处理预测误差（而不是所有感官输入）。可以对预测误差进行加权，以便来自更可靠来源的误差对更新先验信念的影响更大。之前有人认为，自闭症谱系条件可以理解为预测处理机制的结果，在该机制中，感官预测错误被赋予了不灵活的高权重，导致他们的预测模型与世界过度拟合。执行功能、心理理论和中央连贯性方面的缺陷都被认为是从这一核心潜在机制自然产生的。自闭症和精神病的直径模型表明了这一假设的简单扩展。积极的精神分裂症）给感官输入一个不灵活的低权重？在这篇文章中，我认为证据有力地支持了这一假设。给予感官输入的绝对低权重可以解释积极精神分裂症的不同特征，如探索行为增加、失语症、过度心理理论、过度活跃的想象力、注意力差异和具有异质世界观。