The primary aim of this narrative review was to outline the historical genesis of resistance training strategies that incorporate high-load, low-velocity exercises and low-load, high-velocity exercises in the same training session allowing for different “exercise sequences” to be simultaneously implemented. Discrepancies between scientific works and the terminology used within contemporary sport science publications are identified. Upon review of the literature, we propose “complex training” to be considered an umbrella term with 4 different implementations, generally used to indicate a method in which movement velocity or load is altered between sets and/or exercises within the same session with the aim of improving slow and fast force expression. We propose the following terminology for said implementations: contrast training—exercise sequence with alternating high-load and low-load (higher-velocity) exercises in a set-by-set fashion within the same session (corresponding with ‘contrast pairs’ and ‘intra-contrast rest’); descending training—several sets of high-load (e.g., back squat) exercises completed before the execution of several sets of low-load, higher-velocity (e.g., vertical jump) exercises within the same session; ascending training—several sets of low-load, higher-velocity exercises completed before several sets of high-load exercises within the same session; and French contrast training—subset of contrast training in which a series of exercises are performed in sequence within a single session: heavy compound exercise, plyometric exercise, light-to-moderate load compound exercise that maximises movement speed (i.e., external power), and a plyometric exercise (often assisted). Finally, practical applications and training considerations are presented.

这篇叙述性评论的主要目的是概述阻力训练策略的历史起源，这些策略在同一训练课程中结合了高负荷、低速度练习和低负荷、高速练习，允许不同的“运动序列”同步实施。确定了科学著作与当代体育科学出版物中使用的术语之间的差异。在回顾文献后，我们建议将“复杂训练”视为具有 4 种不同实施方式的总称，通常用于表示在同一会话中的组和/或练习之间改变运动速度或负荷的方法，目的是改善慢速和快速力量表达。我们为上述实施建议以下术语：对比训练——在同一节课中以一组一组的方式交替进行高负荷和低负荷（更高速度）练习的练习序列（对应于“对比对”和“对比内休息”）；下降训练——在同一节课中完成几组高负荷（例如，后蹲）练习，然后再进行几组低负荷、较高速度（例如，垂直跳跃）练习；上升训练——在同一节课中完成几组低负荷、较高速度的练习，然后再进行几组高负荷练习；和法式对比训练——对比训练的子集，其中在一次训练中按顺序进行一系列练习：大重量复合练习、增强式练习、轻到中等负荷的复合练习，最大限度地提高运动速度（即外部力量），和增强式练习（通常有辅助）。最后，介绍了实际应用和培训注意事项。