Relationship Between Cooking Fuel and Lens Opacities in South India: A 15-Year Prospective Cohort Study,American Journal of Ophthalmology

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Relationship Between Cooking Fuel and Lens Opacities in South India: A 15-Year Prospective Cohort Study
American Journal of Ophthalmology ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.ajo.2022.06.021
John M Nesemann ₁ , Muthiah Srinivasan ₂ , Ravilla Duraisami Ravindran ₂ , Tansy Edwards ₃ , Kieran S O'Brien ₄ , Usha R Kim ₅ , John H Wilkins ₆ , John P Whitcher ₇ , Thomas M Lietman ₈ , David C Gritz ₉ , Jeremy D Keenan ₇

Affiliation

From the Francis I Proctor Foundation (J.M.N., K.S.O'B. J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; David Geffen School of Medicine (J.M.N.), University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA; International Statistics and Epidemiology Group (J.M.N., T.E.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Aravind Eye Care System (M.S., R.D.R.), Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India.
International Statistics and Epidemiology Group (J.M.N., T.E.), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
From the Francis I Proctor Foundation (J.M.N., K.S.O'B. J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Ophthalmology (K.S.O'B., J.H.W.) University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
Casey Eye Institute (U.R.K.), Oregon Health Sciences University and Lions VisionGift, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology (K.S.O'B., J.H.W.) University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
From the Francis I Proctor Foundation (J.M.N., K.S.O'B. J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
From the Francis I Proctor Foundation (J.M.N., K.S.O'B. J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics (J.P.W., T.M.L., J.D.K.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Institute for Global Health (T.M.L.), University of California, San Francisco, California, USA; Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute (T.M.L., D.C.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Johns Hopkins Wilmer Eye Institute (T.M.L., D.C.G.), Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

PURPOSE

To determine whether exposure to unclean cooking fuels was associated with subsequent cataract progression as reported in previous cross-sectional studies.

DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

METHODS

This is a secondary observational analysis of the community-based Antioxidants in Prevention of Cataracts trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01664819). The exposure of interest was cooking fuel type, measured at baseline. Main outcome measures were baseline cataract severity and self-reported cataract surgery at a 15-year visit.

RESULTS

Baseline and 15-year follow-up data were available for 798 and 579 participants, respectively. Wood or kerosene was used by 711 of 798 (89.1%) baseline participants, including 539 of 579 (93.1%) participants with complete follow-up. Cooking fuel type was not associated with cataract severity at baseline (P = .443). Of 8334 person-years of follow-up, 90 cataract surgeries were observed over 15 years (1.08 surgeries per 100 person-years; 95% CI = 0.87-1.32). Use of wood or kerosene was not associated with 15-year incidence of cataract surgery relative to use of propane (adjusted P = .154). Cataract surgery was more common in older individuals (HR = 1.1 per year, 95% CI = 1.1-1.2, P < .001), those with baseline myopia (HR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.2-3.5, P = .009), and women (HR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.2-10.1, P = .019).

CONCLUSIONS

This study found no association between unclean cooking fuels and cataract progression over a 15-year period. No other modifiable risk factors were associated with incident self-reported cataract surgery.

中文翻译：

印度南部烹饪燃料与晶状体混浊的关系：一项为期 15 年的前瞻性队列研究

目的

确定暴露于不洁烹饪燃料是否与先前横断面研究中报告的随后的白内障进展相关。

设计

前瞻性队列研究。

方法

这是对基于社区的抗氧化剂预防白内障试验 (ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT01664819) 的二次观察分析。感兴趣的暴露是烹饪燃料类型，在基线测量。主要结果指标是基线白内障严重程度和 15 年访视时自我报告的白内障手术情况。

结果

分别有 798 名和 579 名参与者的基线和 15 年随访数据可用。798 名基线参与者中的 711 名 (89.1%) 使用了木材或煤油，其中包括 579 名参与者中的 539 名 (93.1%) 进行了完整随访。烹饪燃料类型与基线时的白内障严重程度无关 ( P = .443)。在 8334 人年的随访中，15 年期间观察到 90 次白内障手术（每 100 人年 1.08 次手术；95% CI = 0.87-1.32）。相对于使用丙烷，使用木材或煤油与 15 年白内障手术的发生率无关（调整后的P = .154）。白内障手术在老年人中更为常见（HR = 1.1 每年，95% CI = 1.1-1.2，P < .001），基线近视患者（HR = 2.1，95% CI = 1.2-3.5，P = .009）和女性（HR = 3.5，95% CI = 1.2-10.1，P = .019）。