Multipartite entanglement serves as an essential resource for constructing quantum networks and makes it possible to realize multi-user quantum information protocols outperforming their classical counterparts. Unfortunately, multipartite entanglement is fragile when distributed in complex environments. Therefore, it is urgent to address the issue of multipartite entanglement decoherence caused by complex environments. Here we demonstrate the self-healing of multipartite continuous-variable (CV) entanglement after an obstruction. In our experiment, the tripartite entanglement destroyed by the obstruction-introduced noise and loss can self-heal after free-space propagation of a certain distance due to the self-healing property of a Bessel–Gaussian (BG) beam. We show that the BG beam provides a more robust mode basis for free-space CV quantum entanglement distribution than the widely used fundamental Gaussian beam under similar conditions. In addition, we also demonstrate the self-healing of five sets of tripartite entanglement and 10 sets of bipartite entanglement in orbital-angular-momentum-multiplexed optical quantum networks. Our results pave the way for constructing obstruction-tolerant high-capacity CV optical quantum networks.

中文翻译：

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光量子网络中多方纠缠的自愈

多方纠缠作为构建量子网络的重要资源，使得实现优于经典对应物的多用户量子信息协议成为可能。不幸的是，多方纠缠在复杂环境中分布时很脆弱。因此，迫切需要解决复杂环境引起的多方纠缠退相干问题。在这里，我们展示了阻塞后多方连续变量（CV）纠缠的自我修复。在我们的实验中，由于贝塞尔-高斯（BG）光束的自愈特性，障碍引入的噪声和损耗破坏的三方纠缠在自由空间传播一定距离后可以自愈。我们表明，与类似条件下广泛使用的基本高斯光束相比，BG 光束为自由空间 CV 量子纠缠分布提供了更稳健的模式基础。此外，我们还展示了轨道-角动量复用光学量子网络中 5 组三分纠缠和 10 组二分纠缠的自愈。我们的研究结果为构建容阻大容量 CV 光学量子网络铺平了道路。