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The interplay between diabetes mellitus and menopause: clinical implications
Nature Reviews Endocrinology ( IF 40.5 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-07 , DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00708-0
Irene Lambrinoudaki 1 , Stavroula A Paschou 1, 2 , Eleni Armeni 1 , Dimitrios G Goulis 3
Affiliation  

The menopausal transition is an impactful period in women’s lives, when the risk of cardiovascular disease is accelerated. Similarly, diabetes mellitus profoundly impacts cardiovascular risk. However, the interplay between menopause and diabetes mellitus has not been adequately studied. The menopausal transition is accompanied by metabolic changes that predispose to diabetes mellitus, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), as menopause results in increased risk of upper body adipose tissue accumulation and increased incidence of insulin resistance. Equally, diabetes mellitus can affect ovarian ageing, potentially causing women with type 1 diabetes mellitus and early-onset T2DM to experience menopause earlier than women without diabetes mellitus. Earlier age at menopause has been associated with a higher risk of T2DM later in life. Menopausal hormone therapy can reduce the risk of T2DM and improve glycaemic control in women with pre-existing diabetes mellitus; however, there is not enough evidence to support the administration of menopausal hormone therapy for diabetes mellitus prevention or control. This Review critically appraises studies published within the past few years on the interaction between diabetes mellitus and menopause and addresses all clinically relevant issues, such as the effect of menopause on the development of T2DM, and the management of both menopause and diabetes mellitus.



中文翻译:

糖尿病与更年期之间的相互作用:临床意义

绝经过渡期是女性生命中一个影响深远的时期,心血管疾病的风险增加。同样,糖尿病也深刻影响心血管风险。然而,更年期和糖尿病之间的相互作用尚未得到充分研究。更年期过渡伴随着易患糖尿病的代谢变化,特别是 2 型糖尿病 (T2DM),因为更年期会导致上半身脂肪组织堆积的风险增加和胰岛素抵抗的发生率增加。同样,糖尿病会影响卵巢衰老,可能导致患有 1 型糖尿病和早发性 T2DM 的女性比没有糖尿病的女性更早经历更年期。更年期较早与晚年患 T2DM 的风险较高有关。绝经期激素治疗可降低患有 T2DM 的风险并改善已患有糖尿病的女性的血糖控制;然而,没有足够的证据支持使用绝经期激素治疗来预防或控制糖尿病。这篇综述批判性地评价了过去几年发表的关于糖尿病和绝经之间相互作用的研究,并解决了所有临床相关问题,例如绝经对 T2DM 发展的影响,以及绝经和糖尿病的管理。

更新日期:2022-07-08
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