The 2022 mass shooting in Buffalo, New York that targeted black grocery shoppers followed a now-familiar pattern. A white male, radicalized by online disinformation campaigns, including the narrative that whites are being systematically “replaced” in society, engaged in an act of domestic terrorism to further the cause of white nationalism. This article charts the ways that right-wing extremism has evolved in the first two decades of the twentieth-first century. This recent history begins with the racist skinhead and patriot militia movements that dominated the literature 20 years ago and moves through the rise of the alt-right, lone-wolf attacks, the January 6, 2021, Capitol attack, and finally, situates a globalized movement in a pandemic era of de-globalization that has both direct and indirect connection to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. The theoretical theme throughout is Emile Durkheim’s concept of anomie and how white males have responded to the rapid pace of social change. Conclusions are drawn from a wide variety of interviews, from Proud Boys in Portland, Oregon to Ukrainian soldiers, stationed on the Ukraine–Poland border.

2022 年在纽约布法罗发生的针对黑人杂货店购物者的大规模枪击事件遵循了一种现在熟悉的模式。一名白人男性因网络虚假宣传活动而激进化，包括白人在社会中被系统地“取代”的叙述，从事国内恐怖主义行为以促进白人民族主义的事业。本文描绘了右翼极端主义在 20 世纪头二十年的演变方式。这段最近的历史始于 20 年前主导文学的种族主义光头党和爱国民兵运动，并经历了另类右翼、独狼袭击的兴起、2021 年 1 月 6 日国会大厦袭击，最后是全球化去全球化大流行时代的运动与 2022 年俄罗斯入侵乌克兰有直接和间接的联系。贯穿始终的理论主题是埃米尔·涂尔干的失范概念以及白人男性如何应对快速的社会变革。从俄勒冈州波特兰的骄傲男孩到驻扎在乌克兰-波兰边境的乌克兰士兵，我们从各种各样的采访中得出了结论。