The validation of treatment planning systems is performed using phantoms. The accuracy of the results depends on the similarity of phantom and target organs. There are some vital organs in the head so each discrepancy between the absorbed dose delivered in planning target volume and the one predicted by the treatment planning system can be caused irreparable impairment. This research reports the methodology and materials used to fabricate a heterogeneous head phantom based on Snyder digital phantom use in dosimetry studies. This phantom includes an elliptical shell as a base, skull, eyes, maxillary sinuses, and brain equivalent material. The cow bone powdered and polyvinyl alcohol solution is used for the construction of skull, eyeballs, and maxillary sinuses. Also, water is selected as a brain and eye tissue-equivalent material. To evaluate the constructed phantom, Monte Carlo calculation and measurement have been compared. The results of the two methods are in good agreement, and the maximum difference between them is 2.6. Constructed phantom is easy to use, and it prepares all dosimetry purposes such as diagnosis, treatment, and investigation.

使用体模对治疗计划系统进行验证。结果的准确性取决于模型和目标器官的相似性。头部有一些重要器官，因此在计划目标体积中传递的吸收剂量与治疗计划系统预测的吸收剂量之间的每一个差异都可能导致无法弥补的损害。本研究报告了用于制造基于 Snyder 数字模型在剂量学研究中使用的异构头部模型的方法和材料。该模型包括一个椭圆壳作为底座、颅骨、眼睛、上颌窦和大脑等效材料。牛骨粉末和聚乙烯醇溶液用于构建颅骨、眼球和上颌窦。此外，水被选为脑和眼组织等效材料。为了评估构建的模型，比较了蒙特卡罗计算和测量。两种方法的结果吻合较好，最大差异为2.6。构建的体模易于使用，它为诊断、治疗和调查等所有剂量测定目的做好了准备。