It is challenging to obtain a material that can detect photons ranging from X-rays to infrared light. Such materials have promising use to develop advanced applications like in information storage, anticounterfeiting, or X-ray imaging. This article reports on such a material; LiTaO₃:xBi³⁺,yDy³⁺ perovskite phosphor. Experimental spectroscopy, thermoluminescence, and vacuum referred binding energy diagram (VRBE) construction are combined to study the trapping processes of charge carriers. The VRBEs in the ground or excited states of Bi³⁺ and Bi²⁺ are discussed. Bi³⁺ emerges to act as a ≈1.3 eV deep hole capturing center and it may possibly also act as a 0.80 ± 0.5 eV deep electron trapping center. A linear relation between the amount of stored charge carriers and a photochromic phenomenon both induced by X-rays or 254 nm UV-light charging appears. The stored charge carriers in LiTaO₃:xBi³⁺,yDy³⁺ are removed by heating or with an optically stimulated process with 365 nm UV light to 850 nm infrared laser. More than 3 or 40 h of Bi³⁺ and Dy³⁺ based white afterglow is measurable in LiTaO₃:0.005Bi³⁺,0.004Dy³⁺ after exposure to X-rays or 254 nm UV light. Proof-of-concept light detection applications like 2D information storage and anticounterfeiting or X-ray imaging are demonstrated by using the phtotochromic and white afterglow LiTaO₃:xBi³⁺,yDy³⁺ phosphors.

中文翻译：

---

LiTaO3:Bi3+,Dy3+ 钙钛矿中的宽范围 X 射线到红外光子探测和能量存储

获得一种可以检测从 X 射线到红外光范围内的光子的材料具有挑战性。此类材料有望用于开发信息存储、防伪或 X 射线成像等高级应用。本文报道了这种材料；LiTaO ₃ : x Bi ³⁺ , y Dy ³⁺钙钛矿荧光粉。结合实验光谱、热释光和真空参考结合能图 (VRBE) 构建来研究电荷载流子的俘获过程。^{讨论了Bi 3+}和Bi ²⁺基态或激发态的VRBE 。毕³⁺出现充当≈1.3 eV深的空穴捕获中心，它也可能充当0.80±0.5 eV深的电子捕获中心。存储的电荷载流子的数量与由 X 射线或 254 nm 紫外光充电引起的光致变色现象之间存在线性关系。_{在 LiTaO 3} : x Bi ³⁺ , y Dy ³⁺中存储的电荷载流子通过加热或使用 365 nm 紫外光至 850 nm 红外激光的光激发过程去除。_{在 LiTaO 3}中可测量超过 3 或 40 小时的基于 Bi ³⁺和 Dy ³⁺的白色余辉：0.005Bi ³⁺ ,0.004Dy ³⁺暴露于 X 射线或 254 nm 紫外光后。_{使用光致变色和白色余辉 LiTaO 3} : x Bi ³⁺ , y Dy ³⁺荧光粉展示了概念验证光检测应用，例如 2D 信息存储和防伪或 X 射线成像。