We present an overview of the global spatiotemporal distribution of avian biodiversity, changes in our knowledge of that biodiversity, and the extent to which it is imperilled. Birds are probably the most completely inventoried large taxonomic class of organisms, permitting a uniquely detailed understanding of how the Anthropocene has shaped their distributions and conservation status in space and time. We summarize the threats driving changes in bird species richness and abundance, highlighting the increasingly synergistic interactions between threats such as habitat loss, climate change, and overexploitation. Many metrics of avian biodiversity are exhibiting globally consistent negative trends, with the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List Index showing a steady deterioration in the conservation status of the global avifauna over the past three decades. We identify key measures to counter this loss of avian biodiversity and associated ecosystemservices, which will necessitate increased consideration of the social context of bird conservation interventions in order to deliver positive transformative change for nature.

中文翻译：

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世界鸟类状况

我们概述了鸟类生物多样性的全球时空分布、我们对该生物多样性的了解的变化以及其受到威胁的程度。鸟类可能是现存最完整的大型生物分类类别，可以对人类世如何塑造它们在空间和时间上的分布和保护状态有独特而详细的了解。我们总结了推动鸟类物种丰富度和数量变化的威胁，强调栖息地丧失、气候变化和过度开发等威胁之间日益增强的协同相互作用。鸟类生物多样性的许多指标都呈现出全球一致的负面趋势，国际自然保护联盟的红色名录指数显示，过去三十年来全球鸟类的保护状况不断恶化。我们确定了应对鸟类生物多样性和相关生态系统服务丧失的关键措施，这将需要更多地考虑鸟类保护干预措施的社会背景，以便为自然带来积极的变革性变化。