This review aims to build a coherent picture of the problem of powder spreading and spreadability in metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) because of its impact on ensuring highly consistent production, optimization of the process and reduction of the manufacturing costs. The review shows the current progress in understanding spreading dynamics, the role of powder characteristics, the spreading systems and the testing tools developed for assessing powder spreadability. The problem of finding appropriate quantitative metrics and the recent advances in the use of standardized methods to assess powder spreadability is critically discussed. Attention is given to future trends and research gaps and opportunities.

这篇综述旨在对金属增材制造 (AM) 中的粉末扩散和可铺展性问题建立一个连贯的图景，因为它对确保高度一致的生产、工艺优化和降低制造成本的影响。该评论展示了当前在了解扩散动力学、粉末特性的作用、扩散系统和为评估粉末扩散性而开发的测试工具方面取得的进展。对寻找合适的定量指标的问题以及使用标准化方法评估粉末铺展性的最新进展进行了批判性讨论。关注未来趋势以及研究差距和机会。