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Long non-coding RNA mediated drug resistance in breast cancer
Drug Resistance Updates ( IF 24.3 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-03 , DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100851
Deepshikha Singh 1 , Yehuda G Assaraf 2 , Rajesh N Gacche 1
Affiliation  

Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers in women and a leading cause of mortality. As per the GLOBCAN report of 2021, breast cancer has surpassed lung cancer which until recently was the most commonly diagnosed cancer. Despite significant efforts to improve early detection and therapeutic efficacy of breast cancer, the frequent emergence of drug resistance remains the predominant basis for the poor prognosis of cancer patients harboring various malignancies. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNAs) are known to affect a variety of components of genome function, including epigenetics, gene transcription, splicing, translation, as well as many central biological processes like cell cycle progression, cell differentiation, development, and pluripotency. LncRNAs are dysregulated in various malignancies and interact with a multitude of RNAs and proteins to impact drug resistance. LncRNAs regulate chemoresistance in cancer by employing an assortment of molecular mechanisms including multidrug efflux, suppression of apoptosis, DNA damage response, epigenetic alterations, as well as functioning as competitive endogenous RNA. When combined with other regulatory mechanisms, these pathways form a complex orchestration of signaling that ultimately lead to chemoresistance. The current review delves into the role of lncRNAs in inducing drug resistance to conventional therapeutic anti-cancer drugs used for the treatment of breast cancer. We propose that lncRNAs that provoke drug resistance could be used to develop new targeted and tailored therapeutics providing a novel approach to introduce promising personalized treatment modalities to overcome chemoresistance in breast cancer patients. Hence, lncRNAs that drive anticancer drug resistance can be potentially explored as biomarkers of disease prognosis and may provide unique opportunities to circumvent chemoresistance in breast cancer patients.



中文翻译:

长链非编码 RNA 介导的乳腺癌耐药

乳腺癌是女性最常见的癌症之一,也是导致死亡的主要原因。根据 2021 年的 GLOBCAN 报告,乳腺癌已经超过了肺癌,而肺癌直到最近还是最常被诊断出的癌症。尽管为提高乳腺癌的早期发现和治疗效果做出了重大努力,但耐药性的频繁出现仍然是导致患有各种恶性肿瘤的癌症患者预后不良的主要原因。众所周知,长链非编码 RNA (lncRNA) 会影响基因组功能的多种组成部分,包括表观遗传学、基因转录、剪接、翻译,以及许多中心生物过程,如细胞周期进程、细胞分化、发育和多能性。LncRNA 在各种恶性肿瘤中失调,并与多种 RNA 和蛋白质相互作用以影响耐药性。LncRNA通过多种分子机制调节癌症的化学抗性,包括多药流出、抑制细胞凋亡、DNA损伤反应、表观遗传改变以及作为竞争性内源性RNA发挥作用。当与其他调节机制相结合时,这些途径形成了一个复杂的信号编排,最终导致化学抗性。目前的综述深入研究了 lncRNA 在诱导对用于治疗乳腺癌的常规治疗性抗癌药物产生耐药性中的作用。我们建议,引起耐药性的 lncRNA 可用于开发新的靶向和定制疗法,为引入有前景的个性化治疗方式以克服乳腺癌患者的化学耐药性提供一种新方法。因此,驱动抗癌药物耐药性的 lncRNA 可以作为疾病预后的生物标志物进行探索,并可能为规避乳腺癌患者的化学耐药性提供独特的机会。

更新日期:2022-07-08
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