Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2022-07-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s11709-022-0817-1 Pravin Kumar Venkat Rao Padalu, Yogendra Singh
The paper presents a seismic safety assessment of unreinforced masonry (URM) building using two approaches. The first approach uses the ‘Pier Analysis’ method, based on the concept of equivalent lateral stiffness, where in-plane and out-of-plane actions are considered independently. The second approach is developed with the program SAP2000, where the linear response is evaluated using continuum ‘finite element modelling’ (FEM). Both methods are compared to evaluate the safety of wall piers and the differences in the outcomes under combined gravitational and lateral seismic forces. The analysis results showed that few wall elements are unsafe in in-plane and out-of-plane tension. It is also observed that the pier analysis method is conservative compared to FEM, but can be used as a simplified and quick tool in design offices for safety assessment, with reasonable accuracy. To safeguard the URM wall piers under lateral loads, a retrofitting technique is adopted by providing vertical and horizontal belts called splints and bandages, respectively, using welded wire mesh (WWM) reinforcement. The study using the ‘Pier Analysis’ shows that the lateral load capacity of unsafe URM piers can be enhanced up to 3.67 times and made safe using the applied retrofitting technique. Further, the retrofitting design methodology and recommendations for application procedures to on-site URM buildings are discussed in detail.
中文翻译:
使用金属丝网夹板和绷带技术砌体建筑和改造的抗震安全评估方法
本文介绍了使用两种方法对无筋砌体 (URM) 建筑物进行抗震安全评估。第一种方法使用基于等效横向刚度概念的“桥墩分析”方法,其中独立考虑平面内和平面外动作。第二种方法是使用 SAP2000 程序开发的,其中使用连续“有限元建模”(FEM)评估线性响应。对两种方法进行比较,以评估墙墩的安全性以及在重力和横向地震联合作用下的结果差异。分析结果表明,很少有墙体单元在面内和面外受拉中不安全。还观察到,与 FEM 相比,桥墩分析方法较为保守,但可以作为设计办公室中用于安全评估的简化快速工具,具有合理的准确性。为了在横向载荷下保护 URM 墙墩,采用了一种改造技术,即分别提供称为夹板和绷带的垂直和水平带,使用焊接金属丝网 (WWM) 加固。使用“桥墩分析”进行的研究表明,不安全的 URM 桥墩的横向承载能力可以提高 3.67 倍,并使用应用的改造技术使其安全。此外,还详细讨论了现场 URM 建筑物的改造设计方法和应用程序建议。使用“桥墩分析”进行的研究表明,不安全的 URM 桥墩的横向承载能力可以提高 3.67 倍,并使用应用的改造技术使其安全。此外,还详细讨论了现场 URM 建筑物的改造设计方法和应用程序建议。使用“桥墩分析”进行的研究表明,不安全的 URM 桥墩的横向承载能力可以提高 3.67 倍,并使用应用的改造技术使其安全。此外,还详细讨论了现场 URM 建筑物的改造设计方法和应用程序建议。