In this paper, we proposed a novel piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid vibration energy harvester (HVEH). The HVEH has a unique structure, which enables it to work in an ultra-low frequency environment. An amplification structure amplifies the input displacement, increasing the displacement distance of the magnets. The motion of the magnets causes the frequency up-conversion of the piezoelectric cantilever beam. As the magnets move back and forth, the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester (PVEH) generates a stable output energy. A closed magnetic circuit is designed for electromagnetic vibration energy harvester (EVEH) with a pair of magnets and a soft magnetic core. The pair of magnets with opposite polarities changes the direction of magnetic flux in the coil by 180°, resulting the EVEH to harvest more energy. The combination of piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy harvesters makes the energy harvester obtain higher output energy. The experimental results show that, in the cycle experiments with a frequency of 5 Hz, the maximum peak-to-peak open-circuit voltage of the PVEH and the EVEH is 40.39 V and 36.87 V, respectively. The optimal load resistance and the maximum output power of the PVEH are 398.7 kΩ and 87.9 μW, while the EVEH’s are 3.2 kΩ and 2.173 mW, respectively. In addition, the charging characteristics of the HVEH through a 3300 uF capacitor indicated that the voltage growth of the HVEH is faster than that of the single energy harvester at the same time. The experimental results demonstrate great potential of the proposed energy harvester in various applications.

在本文中，我们提出了一种新型压电-电磁混合振动能量收集器（HVEH）。HVEH具有独特的结构，使其能够在超低频环境中工作。放大结构放大输入位移，增加磁铁的位移距离。磁铁的运动导致压电悬臂梁的频率上变频。随着磁铁来回移动，压电振动能量收集器 (PVEH) 会产生稳定的输出能量。闭合磁路是为电磁振动能量收集器 (EVEH) 设计的，具有一对磁铁和一个软磁芯。这对具有相反极性的磁铁将线圈中的磁通量方向改变 180°，从而使 EVEH 获得更多能量。压电和电磁能量采集器的结合使能量采集器获得更高的输出能量。实验结果表明，在频率为5 Hz的循环实验中，PVEH和EVEH的最大峰峰值开路电压分别为40.39 V和36.87 V。PVEH 的最佳负载电阻和最大输出功率分别为 398.7 kΩ 和 87.9 μW，而 EVEH 分别为 3.2 kΩ 和 2.173 mW。此外，HVEH 通过 3300 uF 电容器的充电特性表明，HVEH 的电压增长比同时单个能量采集器的电压增长更快。实验结果证明了所提出的能量收集器在各种应用中的巨大潜力。