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Toward Sustainable Cocoa (Theobroma Cacao L) Production: The Role of Potassium Fertilizer in Cocoa Seedlings Drought Recovery and Survival
International Journal of Fruit Science ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-30 , DOI: 10.1080/15538362.2022.2092932
James S. Kaba, Alberta Y. Asare, Henrietta Andoh, Godswill K.S Kwashie, Akwasi A. Abunyewa

ABSTRACT

Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L) is an understorey plant that is highly sensitive to drought, especially at the seedling stage. In Ghana, only 20% cocoa seedlings survive the dry spells within 24 months after transplanting. Potassium (K) is known to enhance the growth of plants root to increase water uptake under drought conditions. This study assessed the effect of different levels of K fertilizer in enhancing the drought recovery and survival of four cocoa genotypes grown in Ghana. A 3 × 3 factorial experiment in Randomized Complete Block Design was carried out at the FRNR farm, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Ghana in 2019/2020 and 2020/2021 cropping seasons. The treatments consisted of 0 g, 4 g and 6 g plant−1 of muriate of potash (60% K2O) and three cocoa varieties: Amaz15-15XEqx78 (V1); CRG8914XPA150 (V2) and PA7/808XPound10 (V3). The result showed that cocoa varieties applied with 4 g or 6 gK plant−1 produced higher (p < .05) belowground and aboveground biomass than the control. The K treated seedlings had about 77% survival rate than the control (43%) seedlings. Among the varieties, V2 had better drought recovery and survival rate (81%), followed by V3 (78%) and V1 (71%). In addition to the morphological characteristics, K enhanced the nitrogen content in cocoa seedlings during drought recovery and this correlated positively (R = 0.863) with survival rate. In conclusion, when farmers grow V2 and apply 4 gK plant−1 during drought, over 80% of the seedling will recovery and survive. This has implications for K fertility management, yield and the livelihood of smallholder (70%) cocoa farmers.



中文翻译:

迈向可持续可可(Theobroma Cacao L)生产:钾肥在可可幼苗干旱恢复和生存中的作用

摘要

可可(Theobroma cacao L)是一种对干旱高度敏感的林下植物,尤其是在幼苗期。在加纳,只有 20% 的可可幼苗在移植后的 24 个月内度过干旱期。众所周知,钾 (K) 可促进植物根系的生长,从而增加干旱条件下的水分吸收。本研究评估了不同水平的钾肥在增强加纳种植的四种可可基因型的干旱恢复和存活方面的作用。在 2019/2020 年和 2020/2021 年种植季节,在加纳 Kwame Nkrumah 科技大学的 FRNR 农场进行了随机完整区组设计的 3 × 3 因子试验。处理由 0 g、4 g 和 6 g 植物-1氯化钾(60% K 2O) 和三个可可品种:Amaz15-15XEqx78 (V1);CRG8914XPA150 (V2) 和 PA7/808XPound10 (V3)。结果表明,施用 4 g 或 6 gK 植物-1的可可品种产生的地下和地上生物量高于对照(p < .05)。K 处理的幼苗比对照 (43%) 幼苗具有约 77% 的成活率。在这些品种中,V2的干旱恢复和成活率较高(81%),其次是V3(78%)和V1(71%)。除了形态特征外,K 还提高了干旱恢复期间可可幼苗中的氮含量,这与成活率呈正相关(R = 0.863)。总之,当农民种植 V2 并施用 4 gK 植物-1干旱时,80%以上的幼苗会恢复成活。这对钾肥管理、产量和小农(70%)可可农的生计都有影响。

更新日期:2022-06-30
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