Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) are a worldwide problem. Estimates indicate approximately 96% of persons with dementia (PWD) exhibit BPSD that are directly associated with long-term care (LTC) placement and approximately one half of these persons experience symptoms classified as severe. BPSD are associated with lost days of work, high turnover, and poor job satisfaction for direct caregivers. Nonpharmacological interventions (NPIs) are effective for management of BPSD when used properly. NPIs are more likely to be used by direct caregivers who are knowledgeable about and have confidence in BPSD effectiveness. Various training techniques promote development of this self-efficacy. The current systematic review synthesizes evidence concerning the use of NPIs for management of BPSD by direct caregivers in LTC settings. Gaps in the literature include evaluation of positive impact of NPIs on PWD and behavior precedent factors. This review emphasizes the need for development and provision of quality NPI education for direct caregivers in LTC settings. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 48(7), 18–23.]

痴呆症的行为和心理症状（BPSD）是一个世界性的问题。估计表明，大约 96% 的痴呆症 (PWD) 患者表现出与长期护理 (LTC) 安置直接相关的 BPSD，其中大约一半的人出现严重症状。BPSD 与失去工作天数、高流动率和直接照顾者的工作满意度差有关。如果使用得当，非药物干预 (NPI) 对 BPSD 的管理是有效的。NPI 更有可能由了解并相信 BPSD 有效性的直接护理人员使用。各种培训技巧促进了这种自我效能感的发展。目前的系统评价综合了有关在 LTC 环境中由直接护理人员使用 NPI 管理 BPSD 的证据。文献中的空白包括评估 NPI 对 PWD 和行为先例因素的积极影响。这篇综述强调了在 LTC 环境中为直接照顾者开发和提供优质 NPI 教育的必要性。[老年护理杂志，48（7），18-23。]