Matter-wave interferometer of ultracold atoms with different linear momenta has been extensively studied in theory and experiment. The vortex matter-wave interferometer with different angular momenta is applicable as a quantum sensor for measuring the magnetic field, rotation, geometric phase, etc. Here we report the experimental realization of a vortex matter-wave interferometer by coherently transferring the optical angular momentum to an ultracold Bose condensate. We use the angular interference technique to measure the relative phase of two vortex states. For a lossless interferometer with atoms only populating two spin states, the difference between the relative phases in the two spin states is locked to π. We also prove the robustness of this out-of-phase relation, not sensitive to the angular-momentum difference between two vortex states, constituent of Raman optical fields and expansion of the condensate. The experimental results agree well with the calculation from the unitary evolution of wave packet in quantum mechanics. This work opens a new way to build a quantum sensor based on the vortex matter-wave interference.

具有不同线性动量的超冷原子的物质波干涉仪在理论和实验上得到了广泛的研究。具有不同角动量的涡旋物质波干涉仪可用作测量磁场、旋转、几何相位等的量子传感器。在这里，我们报告了通过将光学角动量相干转移到涡旋物质波干涉仪的实验实现超冷玻色凝聚体。我们使用角干涉技术来测量两个涡流状态的相对相位。对于仅具有两个自旋态的原子的无损干涉仪，两个自旋态的相对相位之间的差异被锁定为π. 我们还证明了这种异相关系的稳健性，对两个涡旋状态之间的角动量差异、拉曼光场的组成和凝聚物的膨胀不敏感。实验结果与量子力学中波包的酉演化计算吻合较好。这项工作为构建基于涡旋物质波干涉的量子传感器开辟了一条新途径。