Abstract

Objectives: The aim of this Part I systematic review was to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of people with dementia living in the community or in residential care. Part II focused on unpaid carers.

Methods: This review was registered on PROSPERO [CRD42021248050]. Five data bases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science) were searched in July 2021. Studies were included if they reported on the impacts of the pandemic on people living with dementia, either in the community or residential settings, and published in English, German, Polish, or Spanish. Risk of bias was assessed using the Standard Quality Assessment QualSyst.

Results: Forty papers from 33 studies reported on the effects of COVID-19 on people with dementia. Included studies were conducted across 15 countries, focusing on single-country evaluations except in one study. Three studies focused on care homes, whilst the remainder reported on the community. Studies were categorised into five impacts: Cognition; Independence and physical functioning; Behavioural symptoms; Well-being; and Access to care. All studies evidenced the negative pandemic impacts, including faster cognitive, physical, and behavioural deterioration, limited access to care, and poorer mental and social health.

Conclusions: Future restrictions need to consider the need for people with dementia to stay cognitively, physically, and socially stimulated to live well, and this review provides a call for a future pandemic strategy for dementia. Longitudinal research is required on the long-term impacts of the pandemic on the lives of people with dementia, including time to care home entry.

摘要

目标：第一部分系统评价的目的是了解 COVID-19 大流行对社区或寄宿护理机构的痴呆症患者生活的影响。第二部分重点关注无薪护理人员。

方法：本综述已在 PROSPERO 上注册 [CRD42021248050]。2021 年 7 月检索了五个数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、Embase、Scopus、Web of Science）。如果研究报告了大流行对社区或住宅环境中的痴呆症患者的影响，并发表了研究，则纳入研究英语、德语、波兰语或西班牙语。使用标准质量评估 QualSyst 评估偏倚风险。

结果：来自 33 项研究的 40 篇论文报告了 COVID-19 对痴呆症患者的影响。纳入的研究在 15 个国家进行，除一项研究外，重点关注单一国家的评估。三项研究重点关注疗养院，其余研究则报告社区。研究分为五种影响：认知；独立性和身体机能；行为症状；福利; 获得护理的机会。所有研究都证明了大流行的负面影响，包括认知、身体和行为恶化更快、获得护理的机会有限以及心理和社会健康状况较差。

结论：未来的限制需要考虑痴呆症患者在认知、身体和社交方面保持良好生活状态的需要，本次审查呼吁制定未来的痴呆症大流行策略。需要对这一流行病对痴呆症患者生活的长期影响进行纵向研究，包括进入疗养院的时间。