Biodiesel is a sustainable, inexpensive, and alternative energy source produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. Precise and authentic identification of oil yielding plant species is very crucial. Therefore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed in our current investigation to study micromorphological characteristics of ten novel oil yielding seeds for their reliable identification. Macromorphological characters of sample seeds were explored by light microscopy. Seed size varied from 16 to 6.2 mm in length and 18.4–4.5 mm in width. Seed shape varied from ovoid to cordial and color from beige to brown. Seed oil content ranged from 25% to 45% (w/w). Whereas free fatty acid (FFA) content of seed oil varied from 0.42 to 3.4 mg KOH/g. Biodiesel potential of Chamaerops humilis was found to be highest (98%) in all. Besides, ultra-structural observation of seeds demonstrated variation in surface sculpturing which varied from rugous, reticulate, perforate, striate, and webby. Periclinal wall arrangements varied from rough, ridged, depressed, thick and curved whereas, anticlinal walls pattern showed variation from wavy, smooth, raised, deep and depressed. It was ultimately concluded that Scanning electron microscopy could serve as an advanced tool representing hidden ultra-structural characters of seeds. It offers significant knowledge to researchers and local community for their accurate and genuine identification.

中文翻译：

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十种用于生物能源生产的新型非食用油籽的扫描电镜鉴定

生物柴油是一种可持续、廉价的替代能源，由植物油和动物脂肪生产。产油植物物种的精确和真实鉴定非常重要。因此，在我们目前的调查中采用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 来研究 10 种新型产油种子的微观形态特征，以对其进行可靠鉴定。通过光学显微镜观察样品种子的宏观形态特征。种子大小从 16 到 6.2 毫米长和 18.4 到 4.5 毫米宽不等。种子形状从卵形到亲切，颜色从米色到棕色。种子油含量范围为 25% 至 45% (w/w)。而种子油的游离脂肪酸 (FFA) 含量从 0.42 到 3.4 mg KOH/g 不等。Chamaerops humilis的生物柴油潜力被认为是最高的（98%）。此外，种子的超微结构观察表明，表面雕刻的变化有皱纹、网状、穿孔、条纹和网状。周壁排列有粗糙、脊状、凹陷、厚实和弯曲，而背斜壁排列则呈现出波浪状、光滑、凸起、深沉和凹陷的变化。最终得出的结论是，扫描电子显微镜可以作为一种先进的工具，代表种子隐藏的超微结构特征。它为研究人员和当地社区提供了重要的知识，以帮助他们进行准确和真实的识别。