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Microseismic Monitoring of Hydraulic Fracture Propagation and Seismic Risks in Shale Reservoir with a Steep Dip Angle
Natural Resources Research ( IF 5.4 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s11053-022-10095-y
Zhaohui Lu, Yunzhong Jia, Lijun Cheng, Zhejun Pan, Liangjun Xu, Pei He, Xiaozhong Guo, Liming Ouyang

Hydraulic fracturing is an essential technique to increase reservoir permeability and enhance the production of shale gas. When the dip angle is steep and geological condition is complex, hydraulic fractures may behave complexly, and research on this topic is critical for the shale gas industry. This paper reports a case study of hydraulic fracturing in a shale reservoir with a steep dip angle. We monitored pump data, including the injection rate and fluid pressure. Microseismic monitoring was also used to record the seismic events and monitor the hydraulic fracture propagation. Our results validated that microseismic monitoring is a feasible technique to monitor the hydraulic fracture propagation in shale reservoirs with steep dip angles. Moreover, the variation in depth of shale reservoir induces significant alternation of local in situ stress states, in which cases the fracture propagation pathway is more complex, and where microseismic monitoring is necessary to acquire the hydraulic fracture distribution. Besides, all sound sources, including quarries and rivers, should be eliminated during microseismic station arrangement to improve accuracy of microseismic signals. Moreover, the relationship between the maximum magnitude of seismic event and fluid injection volume was validated further in this study. Finally, unexpected faults and aquifers may affect hydraulic fracture propagation due to the steep dip angle of the target shale reservoir. Thus, a comprehensive geological survey is essential for better hydraulic fracturing design. Our results provide first-hand in situ hydraulic fracturing data and provide important implications for shale gas development, especially for those shale reservoirs with steep dip angles.



中文翻译:

大倾角页岩储层水力裂缝扩展及地震风险的微震监测

水力压裂是提高储层渗透率和提高页岩气产量的重要技术。当倾角陡峭、地质条件复杂时,水力裂缝可能表现复杂,该课题的研究对页岩气产业至关重要。本文报告了一个在陡倾角页岩储层中进行水力压裂的案例研究。我们监测泵数据,包括注入速率和流体压力。微震监测也用于记录地震事件和监测水力裂缝扩展。我们的研究结果验证了微震监测是监测陡倾角页岩储层中水力裂缝扩展的可行技术。而且,页岩储层深度的变化导致局部地应力状态的显着变化,在这种情况下,裂缝扩展路径更加复杂,并且需要进行微地震监测以获得水力裂缝分布。此外,在微震站布设过程中,应消除采石场、河流等所有声源,以提高微震信号的准确性。此外,本研究进一步验证了地震事件的最大震级与流体注入量之间的关系。最后,由于目标页岩储层的倾角陡峭,意外的断层和含水层可能会影响水力裂缝的扩展。因此,全面的地质调查对于更好的水力压裂设计至关重要。

更新日期:2022-06-28
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