Direct ink writing, as a prospective three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, opens opportunities for offering high freedom to process cellulose into complex shapes. Current challenges are the accomplishment of dimensional accuracy of printed object and its truly 3D configuration, which put stringent requirements to the ink rheology that should be easily flowable under a suitable shear force while can rapidly recover to solid state after the force is removed. In this study, benefiting from the exquisite regulation of residual cellulose microfiber in a dissolved cellulose solution, a remarkable ink with excellent thixotropic property is prepared, which elaborately balance the traditional rheology tradeoff (extrudability and self-supporting) upon the formation of interconnected microfiber network. As a result, the optimized cellulose ink allows the printed object to successfully display arbitrary and truly 3D configurations, such as anatomical heart, ear, rabbit, lamp, and cup, and exhibit fine microstructure with a resolution of 250 μm.

直接墨水书写作为一种前瞻性的三维 (3D) 打印技术，为提供高度自由地将纤维素加工成复杂形状提供了机会。当前的挑战是实现打印物体的尺寸精度及其真正的 3D 配置，这对油墨的流变性提出了严格的要求，即在合适的剪切力下应易于流动，同时在去除力后能迅速恢复到固态。在这项研究中，得益于对溶解纤维素溶液中残留纤维素微纤维的精细调控，制备了一种具有优异触变性的卓越油墨，在形成互连的微纤维网络时巧妙地平衡了传统的流变学权衡（可挤出性和自支撑性）。 . 因此，