The COVID-19 pandemic has not only accounted for a substantial number of deaths in the United States but also deleterious mental health outcomes. We integrated multiple lines of previous research to better understand psychological strengths and difficulties in the face of the pandemic by testing a moderated mediation model that posited that rumination mediates the relationship between COVID-related stress and depression, and mindfulness moderates the relationship between COVID-related stress and rumination. The participants were 196 young adults (79.6% female, 53.1% persons of color), who ranged in age between 18 and 33 years (M = 21.21; SD = 3.62). The participants completed measures of COVID-19 stress, rumination, mindfulness, and depressive symptoms at four time points spanning 1 month. Cross-sectional moderated mediation analysis of the data showed that COVID-related stress predicted rumination, which in turn, predicted depressive symptoms. In addition, mindfulness buffered the relationship between COVID-related stress and rumination. Later, we ran exploratory analyses to examine the robustness of the main models at each wave, linear mixed-effects models to investigate change over time, and conducted a cross-lagged model to test for directional effects. Notably, the longitudinal findings suggested that COVID-related stress and rumination tended to decrease over time and mindfulness remained temporally stable. Additionally, increases in rumination predicted increases in depression. Some longitudinal findings did not consistently congrue with cross-sectional results. Overall, the findings highlight the diverse ways in which individuals cope with stress and the promise of mindfulness as a protective factor against the negative effects of pandemic-related stressors. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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正念和沉思对 COVID-19 压力和抑郁的调节和中介作用：一项针对年轻人的纵向研究。

COVID-19 大流行不仅导致美国大量死亡，而且还造成了有害的心理健康结果。我们整合了之前的多项研究，通过测试一个有调节的中介模型，更好地了解面对大流行时的心理优势和困难，该模型假设沉思调节与新冠病毒相关的压力和抑郁之间的关系，而正念调节与新冠病毒相关的压力和抑郁之间的关系。压力和沉思。参与者为 196 名年轻人（79.6% 为女性，53.1% 为有色人种），年龄介于 18 岁至 33 岁之间（M = 21.21；SD = 3.62）。参与者在 1 个月的四个时间点完成了对 COVID-19 压力、沉思、正念和抑郁症状的测量。对数据的横断面调节中介分析表明，与新冠病毒相关的压力可以预测沉思，进而预测抑郁症状。此外，正念缓冲了新冠相关压力和沉思之间的关系。后来，我们进行了探索性分析，以检查主要模型在每个波浪上的稳健性，使用线性混合效应模型来研究随时间的变化，并进行交叉滞后模型来测试方向效应。值得注意的是，纵向研究结果表明，与新冠病毒相关的压力和沉思往往会随着时间的推移而减少，而正念在时间上保持稳定。此外，沉思的增加预示着抑郁症的增加。一些纵向研究结果与横截面结果不一致。总体而言，研究结果强调了个人应对压力的不同方式，以及正念作为抵御流行病相关压力源负面影响的保护因素的前景。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。