Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications are related to a significant rate of morbidity and mortality in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), they are therefore called “thrombohemorrhagic” syndromes. Several clinical factors, such as age and presence of cardiovascular comorbidities are responsible for thrombotic complications. High blood counts, platelet alterations, presence of JAK2 mutation and possibly of other CHIP mutations such as TET2, DNMT3A, and ASXL1, procoagulant microparticles, NETs formation, endothelial activation and neo-angiogenesis are some of the parameters accounting for hypercoagulability in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms. Bleeding complications emerge as a result of platelet exhaustion. They can be also linked to a functional deficiency of von Willebrand factor, when platelet counts rise above 1000G/L. The mainstay of management consists on preventing hemostatic complications, by antiplatelet and/or anticoagulant treatment and myelosuppressive agents in high-risk patients.Circumstances related to a high thrombohemorrhagic risk, such as pregnancy and the perioperative period, prompt for specific management with regards to anticoagulation and myelosuppression treatment type. In order to apply a patient-specific treatment strategy, there is a need for a risk score assessment tool encompassing clinical parameters and hemostasis biomarkers.

血栓和出血并发症与骨髓增生性肿瘤 (MPN) 患者的高发病率和死亡率有关，因此被称为“血栓出血”综合征。一些临床因素，例如年龄和心血管合并症的存在是导致血栓并发症的原因。高血细胞计数、血小板改变、存在 JAK2 突变以及可能存在其他 CHIP 突变（如 TET2、DNMT3A 和 ASXL1）、促凝血微粒、NETs 形成、内皮激活和新血管生成是骨髓增生性患者高凝状态的一些参数肿瘤。血小板耗尽会导致出血并发症。当血小板计数超过 1000G/L 时，它们也可能与血管性血友病因子的功能缺陷有关。管理的主要内容包括预防止血并发症，通过抗血小板和/或抗凝剂治疗和骨髓抑制剂治疗高危患者。与高血栓出血风险相关的情况，如妊娠和围手术期，提示进行抗凝方面的具体管理和骨髓抑制治疗类型。为了应用针对患者的治疗策略，需要一种包含临床参数和止血生物标志物的风险评分评估工具。提示对抗凝和骨髓抑制治疗类型进行具体管理。为了应用针对患者的治疗策略，需要一种包含临床参数和止血生物标志物的风险评分评估工具。提示对抗凝和骨髓抑制治疗类型进行具体管理。为了应用针对患者的治疗策略，需要一种包含临床参数和止血生物标志物的风险评分评估工具。