Abstract

A multi-faceted energy intensive technology that can be used for water disinfection and synthesis of electrolysed water (EW) is the need of the hour to achieve a sustainable post COVID 19 water management strategy. Direct sunlight driven processes are legislatively green technologies and hold the key in environmental sustenance. The development of a laboratory proto type reactor powered by a photovoltaic module for the treatment open source river water is described in this paper. This paper reports on the efficacy of the developed proto type technology for multipurpose application namely: (1) the production of Electrolysed water (EW) in a cost efficient manner using direct sunlight and (2) the removal of organic impurity from water using direct sunlight without the use of any photo catalyst or membrane. The prototype reactor utilizes chemical spray pyrolysis deposited highly photo-conducting indium sulphide thin films grown on fluorine doped tin oxide (F:SnO₂) substrate (coated using chemical spray pyrolysis technique in-house) as the photo electrode. Dissolved organic matter arising in river water has distinctive fluorescence properties, and this research has utilized it to identify dissolved organic substances in both random samples and treated water. The work proves that photovoltaic module powered electrolytic reactors consisting of In₂S₃ electrodes can be used for treatment of river water. A diaphragm free, energy intensive route for the production of electrolysed water with the use of non-hazardous NaCl as the electrolyte has been demonstrated here. We conclude that In₂S₃ electrodes can be used for non-photo catalytic reduction of humic-derived impurities in river water. These results are also encouraging on the prospects of treating Nitrates present in the river water. The likes of techniques as described in this report that do not use photo catalyst or membranes may pave way for real time photovoltaic module powered floating reactors that can decontaminate water bodies on a large scale. The technique used by us demonstrates that a chlorine free route can be optimized for the synthesis of EW eliminating the production of large amounts of wastewater with high levels of biological oxygen demand (BOD).

中文翻译：

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直接阳光驱动的 In2S3 薄膜水处理原型

摘要

一种可用于水消毒和电解水 (EW) 合成的多方面能源密集型技术是实现 COVID 19 后可持续水管理战略的迫切需要。直接阳光驱动的过程是立法上的绿色技术，是环境维持的关键。本文介绍了一种由光伏模块供电的实验室原型反应器的开发，用于处理开源河水。本文报告了开发的多用途原型技术的功效，即：（1）利用阳光直射以经济高效的方式生产电解水（EW）；（2）利用阳光直射去除水中的有机杂质不使用任何光催化剂或膜。₂ )作为光电极的基板(内部使用化学喷雾热解技术涂覆)。河水中产生的溶解有机物具有独特的荧光特性，本研究利用它来识别随机样品和处理水中的溶解有机物。该工作证明由In ₂ S ₃电极组成的光伏组件驱动的电解反应器可用于河水处理。此处展示了一种使用无害 NaCl 作为电解质生产电解水的无隔膜、能源密集型路线。我们得出结论，在₂ S ₃电极可用于河水中腐殖质杂质的非光催化还原。这些结果对处理河水中存在的硝酸盐的前景也令人鼓舞。本报告中描述的不使用光催化剂或膜的技术可能为实时光伏模块供电的浮动反应器铺平道路，该反应器可以大规模净化水体。我们使用的技术表明，可以优化无氯路线以合成电子水，从而消除产生大量具有高水平生物需氧量 (BOD) 的废水。