This study discusses the effects of geometrical parameters of flaring gate piers, such as contraction ratio, sidewall extension ratio and plunge angle, on the impinging pressure and flood atomization based on hydraulic model tests and atomization simulations. It is found that the impinging pressure decreases and the length of rainstorm increases with the increasing impact collision of aerated jets. Decreasing the plunge angle and increasing the extension length of sidewall for violent collision should be considered in the design stage and protection measures for rainstorms should be taken into account. Reducing the atomization hazard by collision avoidance could be selected in the operational phase on the premise of safety factor of plunge pool. A simplified formula is developed to predict the length of rainstorm as a function of the maximum impinging pressure, for use as a reference in the design and modification of similar projects.

本研究基于水力模型试验和雾化模拟，讨论了扩口墩的几何参数，如收缩比、侧壁延伸比和切入角，对冲击压力和洪水雾化的影响。研究发现，随着加气射流撞击碰撞的增加，撞击压力减小，暴雨长度增加。设计阶段应考虑减小倾角和增加侧壁延伸长度以应对剧烈碰撞，并考虑暴雨防护措施。在投水池安全系数前提下，在运行阶段可以选择通过避碰来降低雾化危害。