The Aravalli Craton, representing the Precambrian nucleus of northwestern India, consists of the Archean Banded Gneissic Complex (BGC; 3.3–2.5 Ga) overlain by Paleoproterozoic (~2.2–1.7 Ga) and Paleo- to Neoproterozoic (~1.7–0.7 Ga) metasedimentary sequences of the Aravalli and Delhi supergroups, respectively. The extensively reworked Late Paleoproterozoic terrane located between the Aravalli and Delhi supracrustal sequences is known as the Sandmata Complex. The BGC, Sandmata Complex and supracrustal sequences, collectively known as Aravalli Craton, were developed by multiple accretionary-collisional processes from ~3.3 to 0.7 Ga and are regarded as classical terranes for understanding Precambrian crustal evolution. The previous multidisciplinary studies have invariably described the litho-tectonic relationships of the Aravalli Craton. Considering the voluminous literature and arguable interpretations, we present a holistic review addressing the Mesoarchean to Neoproterozoic tectonic evolution of the basement and the polydeformed supracrustal sequences of Aravalli and Delhi supergroups. We suggest that the Aravalli Craton evolved by the accretionary-collisional interactions between three major crustal domains, viz., the Mewar gneissic terrane and intrusive granitoids (~3.3–2.5 Ga), the Aravalli fold belt (~2.2–1.7 Ga) and the Delhi fold belt (~1.7–0.7 Ga). The Mewar gneissic terrane formed between 3.3 Ga and 2.7 Ga by partial melting of hydrated mafic crust, where the terrane evolved continuously and finally stabilized due to the collision between the Bundelkhand and Aravalli cratons, resulting in the emplacement of several granitoids between 2.6 and 2.4 Ga. The subsequent development of the Aravalli fold belt (~2.2–1.7 Ga) to the west of Mewar gneissic terrane was characterized by the ~2.2–2.1 Ga mafic-ultramafic volcanism and ~1.8–1.7 Ga felsic magmatism, marking the opening and closing of the Aravalli Basin, respectively. The final closure of this basin was contemporaneous with the exhumation of the Sandmata granulite terrane along the western margin of Aravalli fold belt. Although the Sandmata Complex was previously interpreted as a reworked equivalent of the basement gneisses, based on contrasting lithology, deformation styles and metamorphic grade, we infer that the Sandmata Complex possibly represents an independent terrane with a distinct tectonothermal history. The tectonic evolution of the Delhi Basin most likely took place in two stages from ~1.7 to 0.7 Ga. The initial stage (~1.7–1.4 Ga) led to the development of the north Delhi fold belt and emplacement of A-type granitoids (~1.5–1.4 Ga), whereas the high-grade metamorphism and I- and S-type granite magmatism in the southern part characterize the later stage (~1.3–0.7 Ga) of the Delhi Basin. Following the Delhi Basin closure, the areas to the west of the Aravalli Craton witnessed the emplacement of the Malani Igneous Suite and the development of the Sirohi and Marwar basins. Altogether, the available key information on structural patterns, magmatic-metamorphic histories and geochronology allows more detailed correlations with possible contiguous orogens of the Great Indian Proterozoic Fold Belt. Our synthesis and tectonic interpretations help us discuss and provide alternate explanations for some of the controversial issues from existing tectonic models. Further, we summarize important unresolved issues, which require special attention to improve our knowledge of the Archean to Proterozoic crustal evolution in northwestern India.

阿拉瓦利克拉通代表印度西北部的前寒武纪核，由太古宙带状片麻岩杂岩体 (BGC; 3.3-2.5 Ga) 组成，覆盖古元古代 (~2.2-1.7 Ga) 和古至新元古代 (~1.7-0.7 Ga) 变沉积岩Aravalli 和德里超群的序列，分别。位于 Aravalli 和德里上地壳层序之间的经过广泛改造的晚古元古代地体被称为 Sandmata 复合体。BGC、 Sandmata 杂岩和地壳上层序，统称为 Aravalli Craton，是由约 3.3 到 0.7 Ga 的多个增生-碰撞过程形成的，被认为是理解前寒武纪地壳演化的经典地体。以往的多学科研究无一例外地描述了阿拉瓦利克拉通的岩石构造关系。考虑到大量的文献和有争议的解释，我们对基底的中太古代到新元古代的构造演化以及 Aravalli 和德里超群的多变形上地壳序列进行了全面回顾。我们认为，阿拉瓦利克拉通是由三个主要地壳域之间的增生-碰撞相互作用演化而成的，即梅瓦尔片麻岩和侵入花岗岩（~3.3-2.5 Ga）、阿拉瓦利褶皱带（~2.2-1.7 Ga）和德里褶皱带 (~1.7–0.7 Ga)。Mewar片麻岩地体由水合镁铁质地壳部分熔融形成于3.3 Ga和2.7 Ga之间，由于Bundelkhand和Aravalli克拉通的碰撞，地体不断演化并最终稳定，导致2.6和2.4 Ga之间的几个花岗岩就位. 随后在 Mewar 片麻岩地体以西的 Aravalli 褶皱带（~2.2-1.7 Ga）的发育以~2.2~2.1 Ga 镁铁质-超铁镁质火山作用和~1.8~1.7 Ga 长英质岩浆作用为特征，标志着阿拉瓦利盆地，分别。该盆地的最终闭合与沿 Aravalli 褶皱带西缘的 Sandmata 麻粒岩地体的折返同时发生。尽管 Sandmata 杂岩以前被解释为基底片麻岩的改造等效物，但基于对比的岩性、变形样式和变质等级，我们推断 Sandmata 杂岩可能代表一个具有独特构造热历史的独立地体。德里盆地的构造演化很可能发生在约 1.7 至 0.7 Ga 的两个阶段。初始阶段（约 1.7-1. 4 Ga）导致北德里褶皱带的发育和 A 型花岗岩（~1.5-1.4 Ga）的侵位，而南部的高级变质作用和 I 型和 S 型花岗岩岩浆作用是后期的特征德里盆地的阶段（~1.3-0.7 Ga）。德里盆地关闭后，阿拉瓦利克拉通以西地区见证了马拉尼火成岩组的就位以及 Sirohi 和 Marwar 盆地的发展。总而言之，关于构造模式、岩浆变质历史和地质年代学的可用关键信息允许与大印度元古代褶皱带可能的连续造山带进行更详细的相关性。我们的综合和构造解释帮助我们讨论现有构造模型中的一些有争议的问题并提供替代解释。更远，