Soft-tissue replacements are challenging due to the stringent compliance requirements for the implanted materials in terms of biocompatibility, durability, high wear resistance, low friction, and water content. Acrylate hydrogels are worth considering as soft tissue implants as they can be photocurable and sustain customized shapes through 3D bioprinting. However, acrylate-based hydrogels present weak mechanical properties and significant dimensional changes when immersed in liquids. To address these obstacles, we fabricated double network (DN) hydrogels composed of polyacrylic acid (PAA) and bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BCNFs) by one fast UV photopolymerization step. BCNFs/PAA hydrogels with a 0.5 wt% BCNFs content present an increased stiffness and a lower, non-pH-dependent swelling than PAA hydrogels or PAA hydrogels with cellulose nanocrystals. Besides, BCNFs/PAA hydrogels are biocompatible and can be frozen/thawed. Those characteristics endorse these hybrid hydrogels as potential candidates for vascular and cartilage tissue implants.

由于植入材料在生物相容性、耐用性、高耐磨性、低摩擦和含水量方面的严格合规性要求，软组织替代物具有挑战性。丙烯酸酯水凝胶值得考虑作为软组织植入物，因为它们可以光固化并通过 3D 生物打印维持定制的形状。然而，基于丙烯酸酯的水凝胶在浸入液体时表现出较弱的机械性能和显着的尺寸变化。为了解决这些障碍，我们通过一个快速的紫外光聚合步骤制造了由聚丙烯酸 (PAA) 和细菌纤维素纳米纤维 (BCNF) 组成的双网络 (DN) 水凝胶。BCNFs 含量为 0.5 wt% 的 BCNFs/PAA 水凝胶具有更高的刚度和更低的、与 PAA 水凝胶或具有纤维素纳米晶体的 PAA 水凝胶相比，非 pH 依赖性溶胀。此外，BCNFs/PAA 水凝胶具有生物相容性，可以冷冻/解冻。这些特性支持这些混合水凝胶作为血管和软骨组织植入物的潜在候选者。