Novel tolfenamic acid derivatives based on the structure of I-1 were designed and synthesized to improve its poor target inhibition and solubility. Among them, W10 was identified as a potent dual-target inhibitor of Topo I (IC₅₀ = 0.90 ± 0.17 μM) and COX-2 (IC₅₀ = 2.31 ± 0.07 μM) with improved water solubility (32.33 μg/mL). Moreover, W10 also exhibited fairly potent anti-proliferative and pro-apoptosis activity via the mitochondrial pathway, as well as suppressed aberrant NF-κB/IκB activation in colon cancer cells in vitro. Additionally, W10 possessed favorable pharmacokinetic properties and excellent antitumor effects in vivo. In general, our study has demonstrated the potency of a novel Topo I/COX-2 dual inhibitor, which can potentially be developed into a chemotherapeutic candidate for colon cancer.

设计并合成了基于I-1结构的新型托芬那酸衍生物，以改善其较差的靶向抑制和溶解性。其中，W10被鉴定为 Topo I (IC ₅₀  = 0.90 ± 0.17 μM) 和 COX-2 (IC ₅₀ = 2.31 ± 0.07 μM)的有效双靶点抑制剂， 具有改善的水溶性 (32.33 μg/mL)。此外，W10还通过线粒体途径表现出相当有效的抗增殖和促凋亡活性，并在体外抑制结肠癌细胞中的异常 NF-κB/IκB 活化。此外，W10在体内具有良好的药代动力学特性和优异的抗肿瘤作用。总的来说，我们的研究已经证明了一种新型 Topo I/COX-2 双重抑制剂的效力，它有可能被开发为结肠癌的化疗候选药物。