A novel biomimicked neuromorphic sensor for an energy efficient and highly scalable electronic tongue (E-tongue) is demonstrated with a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). By mimicking a biological gustatory neuron, the proposed E-tongue can simultaneously detect ion concentrations of chemicals on an extended gate and encode spike signals on the MOSFET, which acts as an input neuron in a spiking neural network (SNN). Such in-sensor neuromorphic functioning can reduce the energy and area consumption of the conventional E-tongue hardware. pH-sensitive and sodium-sensitive artificial gustatory neurons are implemented by using two different sensing materials: Al₂O₃ for pH sensing and sodium ionophore X for sodium ion sensing. In addition, a sensitivity control function inspired by the biological sensory neuron is demonstrated. After the unit device characterization of the artificial gustatory neuron, a fully hardware-based E-tongue that can classify two distinct liquids is demonstrated to show a practical application of the artificial gustatory neurons.

中文翻译：

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用于基于神经形态的电子舌的仿生人工味觉神经元

使用金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管 (MOSFET) 演示了一种用于节能和高度可扩展的电子舌 (E-tongue) 的新型仿生神经形态传感器。通过模仿生物味觉神经元，所提出的电子舌可以同时检测扩展门上化学物质的离子浓度，并在 MOSFET 上编码尖峰信号，MOSFET 充当尖峰神经网络 (SNN) 中的输入神经元。这种传感器内神经形态功能可以减少传统电子舌硬件的能量和面积消耗。pH敏感和钠敏感的人工味觉神经元是通过使用两种不同的传感材料实现的：Al ₂ O ₃用于 pH 传感，钠离子载体 X 用于钠离子传感。此外，还展示了受生物感觉神经元启发的灵敏度控制功能。在对人工味觉神经元进行单元设备表征之后，展示了一种可以对两种不同液体进行分类的完全基于硬件的电子舌，以展示人工味觉神经元的实际应用。