Islet transplantation is a promising strategy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) treatment, whereas implanted-associated foreign body reaction (FBR) usually induces the necrosis of transplanted islets and leads to the failure of glycemic control. Benefiting from the excellent anti-biofouling property of zwitterionic materials and their successful application in macroscopic implanted devices, microcapsules with zwitterionic coatings may be promising candidates for islet encapsulation. Herein, a series of zwitterion-coated core–shell microcapsules is fabricated (including carboxybetaine methacrylate [CBMA]-coated gelatin methacrylate [GelMA] [CBMA-GelMA], sulfobetaine methacrylate [SBMA]-coated GelMA [SBMA-GelMA], and phosphorylcholine methacrylate [MPC]-coated GelMA [MPC-GelMA]) by one-step photopolymerization of inner GelMA and outer zwitterionic monomers via a handmade two-fluid microfluidic device and it is demonstrated that they can effectively prevent protein adsorption, cell adhesion, and inflammation in vitro. Interestingly, the zwitterionic microcapsules successfully resist FBR in C57BL/6 mice after intraperitoneal implantation for up to 4 months. After successfully encapsulating xenogeneic rat islets in the SBMA-GelMA microcapsules, sustained normoglycemia is further validated in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced mice for up to 3 months. The zwitterion-modified microcapsule using a microfluidic device may represent a platform for cell encapsulation treatment for T1DM and other hormone-deficient diseases.

中文翻译：

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微流控生产具有低异物反应的两性离子涂层微胶囊以改善胰岛移植

胰岛移植是治疗 1 型糖尿病 (T1DM) 的一种有前途的策略，而植入相关异物反应 (FBR) 通常会诱导移植的胰岛坏死并导致血糖控制失败。得益于两性离子材料优异的抗生物污染性能及其在宏观植入装置中的成功应用，具有两性离子涂层的微胶囊可能是胰岛封装的有希望的候选者。在此，制备了一系列两性离子包覆的核壳微胶囊（包括甲基丙烯酸羧基甜菜碱 [CBMA] 包覆的甲基丙烯酸明胶 [GelMA] [CBMA-GelMA]、甲基丙烯酸磺基甜菜碱 [SBMA] 包覆的 GelMA [SBMA-GelMA]、和磷酸胆碱甲基丙烯酸酯 [MPC] 涂层 GelMA [MPC-GelMA]）通过手工制作的双流体微流体装置对内部 GelMA 和外部两性离子单体进行一步光聚合，证明它们可以有效地防止蛋白质吸附、细胞粘附、和体外炎症。有趣的是，两性离子微胶囊在 C57BL/6 小鼠腹膜内植入长达 4 个月后成功抵抗 FBR。在成功地将异种大鼠胰岛封装在 SBMA-GelMA 微胶囊中后，在链脲佐菌素 (STZ) 诱导的小鼠中进一步验证持续正常血糖长达 3 个月。使用微流体装置的两性离子修饰的微胶囊可能代表了 T1DM 和其他激素缺乏疾病的细胞封装治疗平台。