Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) is an enzyme cofactor, co-substrate, and redox factor in all living cells and is necessary for maintaining cell metabolism. It has been shown that appropriate supplementation of NAD⁺ precursors or inhibition of NAD⁺-depleting enzymes can promote mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and improve host energy utilization efficiency. In addition, increasing evidence indicates that the gut microbiota plays a pivotal role in host metabolism. Theoretically, there should be a close correlation among NAD⁺, gut microbiota, and host metabolism; however, the information is limited. In this review, we summarize the metabolic process of NAD⁺ and its impact on host metabolism, the link between gut microbiota and host metabolism, as well as the potential effects of NAD⁺ on microbial metabolism, providing a new perspective on the interaction between gut microbiota and host metabolism.

烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸 (NAD ⁺ ) 是所有活细胞中的一种酶辅因子、共底物和氧化还原因子，是维持细胞代谢所必需的。已经表明，适当补充NAD ⁺前体或抑制NAD ⁺消耗酶可以促进线粒体氧化磷酸化并提高宿主能量利用效率。此外，越来越多的证据表明肠道菌群在宿主代谢中起着关键作用。^{理论上，NAD +}、肠道菌群和宿主代谢之间应该存在密切的相关性；但是，信息有限。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 NAD ^{+的代谢过程}及其对宿主代谢的影响，肠道菌群与宿主代谢之间的联系，以及NAD ⁺对微生物代谢的潜在影响，为肠道菌群与宿主代谢之间的相互作用提供了新的视角。