Conversion of low-value biomass to hierarchically porous carbon-based materials for oxygen reduction reactions (ORR), without using conventional template methods, is of particular significant for energy storage technology. Herein, dual honeycomb-like porous carbon inspired by multiscale structure of wood was assembled with cationic nanocellulose film into Zn-air battery. Nitrogen-doped hierarchically porous carbon was obtained by a simple two-step process involving alkaline extraction and pyrolysis with NH₄Cl. Alkaline extraction was utilized for partially degrading lignin and heterosaccharide from unprocessed wood to create a porous wood with numerous nanopores and 3D loose structure. The inner and outer parts of obtained porous wood were further pore-optimized and doped with NH₄Cl by a consequent pyrolysis step. The resulting carbon-based material (AHWC) possessed high specific surface area (1601.8 m² g⁻¹), well-developed hierarchical porosity, and high N content enabled excellent electrocatalytic oxygen reduction performance. Compared with commercial Pt/C catalysts in KOH electrolyte, AHWC exhibits nearly two times higher kinetic currents in the low overpotential region, comparable number of transferred electrons, and significantly higher operating stability. This carbon-based material also showed an excellent capacity and energy density equal to 792 mA h g⁻¹ and 927 W h kg⁻¹, together with superior long-term durability (200 h at the current density of 10 mA cm⁻²) when assembled as the active electrode material into a Zn-air battery. Additionally, cationic modified nanocellulose film (C-CNF-M), acting as a solid electrolyte, was assembled with AHWC for a quasi-solid-state Zn-air battery which exhibited excellent specific capacity (672.2 mA h g⁻¹), energy density (644.11 W h kg⁻¹) and cycling stability (500 min at 1 mA cm⁻²). The AHWC establish a bridge between papermaking and the field of energy storage by green conversion of biomass and fabrication of porous carbon-based materials and cellulose based electrolyte with excellent properties applicable to electrochemical energy devices.

在不使用传统模板方法的情况下，将低价值生物质转化为用于氧还原反应 (ORR) 的分级多孔碳基材料对于储能技术具有特别重要的意义。在此，受木材多尺度结构启发的双蜂窝状多孔碳与阳离子纳米纤维素薄膜组装成锌空气电池。氮掺杂分级多孔碳通过简单的两步工艺获得，包括碱提取和用NH ₄ Cl 热解。碱提取用于部分降解未加工木材中的木质素和杂糖，以产生具有大量纳米孔和 3D 松散结构的多孔木材。对所得多孔木材的内外部分进行了进一步的孔隙优化和NH _4掺杂Cl 通过随后的热解步骤。所得碳基材料（AHWC）具有高比表面积（1601.8 m ² g ^-1）、发达的分级孔隙率和高N含量，具有优异的电催化氧还原性能。与 KOH 电解液中的商用 Pt/C 催化剂相比，AHWC 在低过电位区域表现出近两倍的动力学电流、相当数量的转移电子和显着更高的操作稳定性。这种碳基材料还表现出优异的容量和能量密度，分别为 792 mA h g ^-1和 927 Wh kg ^-1，以及优异的长期耐用性（在 10 mA cm ^{-2的电流密度下 200 小时）}) 当作为活性电极材料组装到锌空气电池中时。此外，作为固体电解质的阳离子改性纳米纤维素薄膜 (C-CNF-M) 与 AHWC 组装成准固态锌空气电池，该电池表现出优异的比容量 (672.2 mAh g ^-1 )、能量密度（644.11 W h kg ^-1）和循环稳定性（500 min at 1 mA cm ^-2）。AHWC通过生物质的绿色转化和制备具有适用于电化学能源设备的优异性能的多孔碳基材料和纤维素基电解质，在造纸和储能领域之间架起了一座桥梁。