Chemical conditioning is a common but chemicals consuming procedure for improving sludge dewatering performance. However, real-time monitoring of dewaterability for accurate regulation of conditioner dosage is still tricky. One of the pending questions causing this challenge is that the key mechanisms affecting water release are not fully revealed. This study traced the entire process of water release in sludge flocs to investigate and clarify the possible release resistances, including the viscous resistance derived from binding effect of contact interface, and the interfacial resistance originating from morphology of pore wall, as well as the resistance arising from structure of flocs. Key resistances in an individual nanopore were determined using the state-of-art principles in confined water flow. Then the investigation was expanded to the multi-porous flocs scale. Based on the water release behavior and inspired by the similitude of water and electricity, an online quantifier derived from electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis was developed to achieve real-time determination of dewaterability in a probe-like type. Our results showed that both viscous resistance of pores and structural resistance of flocs affected the water release, the contribution of flocs structural resistance cannot be neglected. Moreover, strong linear correlations (r ≥ 0.943, p < 0.01) were obtained between the online quantifier, named normalized spectral dimension, and the sludge dewaterability in two typical sludge conditioning processes. The optimal dosages were successfully revealed by normalized spectral dimension in an established semi-automatic conditioning and online dewaterability monitoring system. These observations may promote the development of smart sludge treatment technologies.

化学调节是提高污泥脱水性能的常见但消耗化学品的过程。然而，实时监测脱水性以准确调节调节剂用量仍然很棘手。导致这一挑战的悬而未决的问题之一是影响水释放的关键机制尚未完全揭示。本研究追溯了污泥絮体释放水的全过程，研究并阐明了可能的释放阻力，包括接触界面结合作用产生的粘性阻力、孔壁形态产生的界面阻力以及产生的阻力。从絮状物的结构看。使用约束水流中的最新原理确定单个纳米孔中的关键阻力。然后将调查扩大到多孔絮体规模。基于水的释放行为并受到水和电相似性的启发，开发了一种基于电阻抗谱（EIS）分析的在线量化器，以实现对类似探针类型的脱水能力的实时测定。我们的研究结果表明，孔隙的粘性阻力和絮体的结构阻力都影响了水的释放，絮体结构阻力的贡献不容忽视。此外，强线性相关性（我们的研究结果表明，孔隙的粘性阻力和絮体的结构阻力都影响了水的释放，絮体结构阻力的贡献不容忽视。此外，强线性相关性（我们的研究结果表明，孔隙的粘性阻力和絮体的结构阻力都影响了水的释放，絮体结构阻力的贡献不容忽视。此外，强线性相关性（r  ≥ 0.943, p  < 0.01) 在两个典型污泥调理过程中的在线量化器（称为归一化光谱维数）和污泥脱水能力之间获得。在已建立的半自动调节和在线脱水监测系统中，通过归一化光谱维度成功地揭示了最佳剂量。这些观察结果可能会促进智能污泥处理技术的发展。