Developing high-performance thermosets with outstanding anti-flammability from sustainable resources has attracted increasing attention due to both safety and environmental concerns. Herein, a novel bio-based bis-benzoxazine thermosetting resin has been successfully synthesized via Mannich condensation reaction from paraformaldehyde and natural renewable resources, aesculetin and furfurylamine. Detailed information of the chemical structure for this bio-benzoxazine is analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopies, elemental analysis and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). In addition, the resin polymerization behavior is investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and in situ FT-IR analyses. Notably, the fully polymerized bio-thermoset shows high thermal stability with T_d10 of 407 °C and T_g of 261 °C, and extremely low flammability with heat release capacity (HRC) value of 2.51 J·g⁻¹·K⁻¹ and total heat release (THR) value of 0.78 kJ·g⁻¹. Overall, the current work provides a facile and sustainable synthetic route access to a series of halogen- and phosphorus-free nonflammable bio-thermosets based on smart benzoxazine chemistry.

由于安全和环境问题，从可持续资源中开发具有出色抗燃性的高性能热固性塑料已引起越来越多的关注。在此，以多聚甲醛和天然可再生资源七叶树苷和糠胺为原料，通过曼尼希缩合反应成功合成了一种新型生物基双苯并恶嗪热固性树脂。这种生物苯并恶嗪化学结构的详细信息通过核磁共振 (NMR) 和傅里叶变换红外 (FT-IR) 光谱、元素分析和高分辨率质谱 (HR-MS) 进行分析。此外，通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）和原位研究了树脂的聚合行为。FT-IR 分析。值得注意的是，完全聚合的生物热固性材料表现出高热稳定性，T _d10为 407 ℃，T _g为 261 ℃，可燃性极低，放热容量 (HRC) 值为 2.51 J·g ^-1 ·K ^-1和0.78 kJ·g ^-1的总热释放（THR）值。总体而言，目前的工作为基于智能苯并恶嗪化学的一系列无卤素和无磷不可燃生物热固性材料提供了一种简便且可持续的合成路线。