The near and far transfer effects of Working Memory (WM) training have yielded discrepant findings while there is no literature on the effects of Executive Working Memory (EWM) training. The present study aimed to investigate the far transfer effects of EWM on cognitive flexibility. Community participants (n = 144) were allocated into a fully-, a partially-trained or a control group. At a baseline assessment, all groups were administered the Wisconsin Card Sorting test and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS). Following this and for six consecutive days, the fully-trained group were administered the complete LNS, the partially-trained group were administered the LNS up to the three-digit strings while the control group had no involvement in the study. Upon completion of training, all groups were administered the Intra/Extra-Dimensional Shift task (ID/ED). The control group (a) made more errors and completed fewer stages compared with the fully-trained group and (b) had increased response latency and required more trials to complete the ID/ED compared to both the partially- and fully-trained groups. In the total sample, (a) the lack of EWM training was associated with more total errors, trials required to complete the ID/ED, extradimensional-shift errors and prolonged response latency and (b) extended short-term EWM training was associated with more completed stages in the ID/ED. The findings support the far transfer effects of EWM training on cognitive flexibility and are in agreement with studies on WM training. Although preliminary, they hold promise for the enhancement of early intervention programs in populations with cognitive impairments.

工作记忆 (WM) 训练的远近转移效应产生了不一致的结果，而没有关于执行工作记忆 (EWM) 训练效果的文献。本研究旨在研究 EWM 对认知灵活性的远迁移效应。社区参与者（n = 144) 被分配到一个完全、部分训练或控制组。在基线评估中，所有组都进行了威斯康星卡片分类测试和字母数字排序 (LNS)。在此之后连续六天，完全训练的组被给予完整的 LNS，部分训练的组被给予 LNS 直到三位数的字符串，而对照组不参与研究。培训完成后，所有组都接受了内部/超维度转换任务 (ID/ED)。与完全训练的组相比，对照组 (a) 犯了更多的错误并完成了更少的阶段，并且 (b) 与部分训练和完全训练的组相比，反应延迟增加并且需要更多的试验来完成 ID/ED。在总样本中，(a) 缺乏 EWM 训练与更多的总错误、完成 ID/ED 所需的试验、超维度移位错误和延长的响应延迟有关，并且 (b) 延长的短期 EWM 训练与完成的更多阶段有关身份证/ED。这些发现支持 EWM 训练对认知灵活性的远迁移效应，并且与 WM 训练的研究一致。尽管是初步的，但它们有望在认知障碍人群中加强早期干预计划。这些发现支持 EWM 训练对认知灵活性的远迁移效应，并且与 WM 训练的研究一致。尽管是初步的，但它们有望在认知障碍人群中加强早期干预计划。这些发现支持 EWM 训练对认知灵活性的远迁移效应，并且与 WM 训练的研究一致。尽管是初步的，但它们有望在认知障碍人群中加强早期干预计划。