Oil spills threaten ecosystem and health seriously. Porous foams have been proved as ideal candidates for oil absorbents, however, many with poor oil retention (re-bleeding). Here, we creatively developed a composite foam oil absorbent capable of oil absorption and oil gelation, based on porous alginate foam and hydroxyl aluminum stearate oil gelator. The microstructure of alginate foam can be adjusted by the addition of t-butanol in the solvent, and long alkyl chains of gelator endow foam skeleton with good hydrophobicity, avoiding secondary pollution from traditional hydrophobic chemical modification. Interconnected skeleton decorated by oleophilic gelators contributes to high oil absorption. Oleophilic gelator can self-assemble into 3D network to entrap oils to form gels, giving rise to effective oil retention, realizing the integration of high oil absorption and oil retention. The natural abundant, low-cost composite foam would be promising for tackling oil spills.

石油泄漏严重威胁生态系统和健康。多孔泡沫已被证明是吸油剂的理想选择，但是，许多泡沫的保油性（再渗出）较差。在这里，我们创造性地开发了一种基于多孔海藻酸盐泡沫和羟基硬脂酸铝油凝胶剂的具有吸油和凝胶作用的复合泡沫吸油剂。海藻酸盐泡沫的微观结构可以通过在溶剂中添加叔丁醇来调节，凝胶剂的长烷基链赋予泡沫骨架良好的疏水性，避免了传统疏水化学改性的二次污染。由亲油凝胶剂装饰的互连骨架有助于高吸油性。亲油凝胶剂可自组装成 3D 网络，将油脂包裹起来形成凝胶，从而产生有效的保油效果，实现高吸油保油一体化。天然丰富、低成本的复合泡沫有望用于解决石油泄漏问题。