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Sustained delivery approaches to improving adaptive immune responses
Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews ( IF 16.1 ) Pub Date : 2022-06-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114401
Ben S Ou 1 , Olivia M Saouaf 2 , Julie Baillet 3 , Eric A Appel 4
Affiliation  

The immune system is one of the most important, complex biological networks regulating and protecting human health. Its precise modulation can prevent deadly infections and fight cancer. Accordingly, prophylactic vaccines and cancer immunotherapies are some of the most powerful technologies to protect against potential dangers through training of the immune system. Upon immunization, activation and maturation of B and T cells of the adaptive immune system are necessary for development of proper humoral and cellular protection. Yet, the exquisite organization of the immune system requires spatiotemporal control over the exposure of immunomodulatory signals. For example, while the human immune system has evolved to develop immunity to natural pathogenic infections that often last for weeks, current prophylactic vaccination technologies only expose the immune system to immunomodulatory signals for hours to days. It has become clear that leveraging sustained release technologies to prolong immunogen and adjuvant exposure can increase the potency, durability, and quality of adaptive immune responses. Over the past several years, tremendous breakthroughs have been made in the design of novel biomaterials such as nanoparticles, microparticles, hydrogels, and microneedles that can precisely control the presentation of immunomodulatory signals to the immune system. In this review, we discuss relevant sustained release strategies and their corresponding benefits to cellular and humoral responses.



中文翻译:

改善适应性免疫反应的持续递送方法

免疫系统是调节和保护人类健康的最重要、最复杂的生物网络之一。它的精确调制可以预防致命的感染和对抗癌症。因此,预防性疫苗和癌症免疫疗法是通过免疫系统训练来防止潜在危险的一些最强大的技术。免疫后,适应性免疫系统的 B 和 T 细胞的活化和成熟对于发展适当的体液和细胞保护是必要的。然而,免疫系统的精细组织需要对免疫调节信号的暴露进行时空控制。例如,虽然人类免疫系统已经进化到对通常持续数周的自然病原体感染产生免疫力,目前的预防性疫苗接种技术仅将免疫系统暴露于免疫调节信号数小时至数天。很明显,利用缓释技术来延长免疫原和佐剂的暴露时间可以提高适应性免疫反应的效力、持久性和质量。在过去的几年里,在设计能够精确控制免疫调节信号向免疫系统呈现的新型生物材料(如纳米颗粒、微粒、水凝胶和微针)方面取得了巨大突破。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了相关的持续释放策略及其对细胞和体液反应的相应益处。很明显,利用缓释技术来延长免疫原和佐剂的暴露时间可以提高适应性免疫反应的效力、持久性和质量。在过去的几年里,在设计能够精确控制免疫调节信号向免疫系统呈现的新型生物材料(如纳米颗粒、微粒、水凝胶和微针)方面取得了巨大突破。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了相关的持续释放策略及其对细胞和体液反应的相应益处。很明显,利用缓释技术来延长免疫原和佐剂的暴露时间可以提高适应性免疫反应的效力、持久性和质量。在过去的几年里,在设计能够精确控制免疫调节信号向免疫系统呈现的新型生物材料(如纳米颗粒、微粒、水凝胶和微针)方面取得了巨大突破。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了相关的持续释放策略及其对细胞和体液反应的相应益处。以及可以精确控制向免疫系统呈现免疫调节信号的微针。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了相关的持续释放策略及其对细胞和体液反应的相应益处。以及可以精确控制向免疫系统呈现免疫调节信号的微针。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了相关的持续释放策略及其对细胞和体液反应的相应益处。

更新日期:2022-06-21
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