Chemistry and topography are the two distinct available tools for customizing different bio-inspired liquid wettability including superhydrophobicity, superamphiphobicity, underwater superoleophobicity, underwater superoleophilicity, and liquid infused slippery property. In nature, various living species possessing super and special liquid wettability inherently comprises of distinctly patterned surface topography decorated with low/high surface energy. Inspired from the topographically diverse natural species, the variation in surface topography has been the dominant approach for constructing bio-inspired antiwetting interfaces. However, recently, the modulation of chemistry has emerged as a facile route for the controlled tailoring of a wide range of bio-inspired liquid wettability. This review article aims to summarize the various reports published over the years that has elaborated the distinctive importance of both chemistry and topography in imparting and modulating various bio-inspired wettability. Moreover, this article outlines some obvious advantages of chemical modulation approach over topographical variation. For example, the strategic use of the chemical approach has allowed the facile, simultaneous, and independent tailoring of both liquid wettability and other relevant physical properties. We have also discussed the design of different antiwetting patterned and stimuli-responsive interfaces following the strategic and precise alteration of chemistry for various prospective applications.

中文翻译：

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化学在仿生液体润湿性中的作用

化学和形貌是用于定制不同的仿生液体润湿性的两种不同的可用工具，包括超疏水性、超疏水性、水下超疏油性、水下超亲油性和液体注入的光滑特性。在自然界中，具有超强和特殊液体润湿性的各种生物物种固有地由具有低/高表面能装饰的明显图案化的表面形貌组成。受地形多样的自然物种的启发，表面形貌的变化一直是构建仿生防润湿界面的主要方法。然而，最近，化学调节已成为控制定制各种仿生液体润湿性的简便途径。这篇评论文章旨在总结多年来发表的各种报告，这些报告阐述了化学和地形在赋予和调节各种仿生润湿性方面的独特重要性。此外，本文概述了化学调制方法相对于地形变化的一些明显优势。例如，化学方法的战略性使用允许对液体润湿性和其他相关物理特性进行简单、同步和独立的调整。我们还讨论了针对各种预期应用的化学战略和精确改变之后不同抗润湿图案和刺激响应界面的设计。