Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disease for which no modifying therapies are presently available. Besides the identification of pathological targets, AD presents numerous clinical and pharmacological challenges such as efficient active delivery to the central nervous system, cell targeting, and long-term dosing. Nanoparticles have been explored to overcome some of these challenges as drug delivery vehicles or drugs themselves. However, early promises have failed to materialize as no nanotechnology-based product has been able to reach the market and very few have moved past preclinical stages. In this review, we perform a critical analysis of the past decade’s research on nanomedicine-based therapies for AD at the preclinical and clinical stages. The main obstacles to nanotechnology products and the most promising approaches were also identified, including renewed promise with gene editing, gene modulation, and vaccines.

阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 是一种不可逆的神经退行性疾病，目前没有可用的改良疗法。除了确定病理靶点外，AD 还存在许多临床和药理学挑战，例如有效地主动递送至中枢神经系统、细胞靶向和长期给药。已经探索了纳米颗粒以克服其中一些作为药物递送载体或药物本身的挑战。然而，早期的承诺未能兑现，因为没有基于纳米技术的产品能够进入市场，而且很少有人能够超过临床前阶段。在这篇综述中，我们对过去十年在临床前和临床阶段基于纳米药物治疗 AD 的研究进行了批判性分析。