The temperature sensitivity (Q₁₀) of soil respiration (Rs) is crucial to assess the carbon (C) budget of terrestrial ecosystems under global warming. The Q₁₀ changes along a climatic gradient as well as its seasonal dynamics remain unclear, and the underlying microbial mechanisms are not well known. Here, the seasonal Q₁₀ of Rs at the northern, middle, and southern sites of a natural temperate mixed forest was examined. The mean annual temperature (MAT) of the sampling sites spanned from 0.5 to 4.9 °C. The Q₁₀ pattern over the climatic zones was highly dependent on season, with Q₁₀ increasing toward the southern region in spring and autumn, but having a similar level across the sampling sites in summer. In spring, Q₁₀ was independent of microbial community composition and functions. Instead, spring Q₁₀ increased with decreasing C availability from north to south, consistent with the Carbon-Quality-Temperature theory. In summer, Q₁₀ was closely associated with the dominance of microbial r-strategy features, characterized by high copiotroph/oligotroph and labile/recalcitrant C degradation gene ratios. In autumn, however, Q₁₀ was driven by the K-selected microbial communities, which might have been ascribed to the priming effects mediated by fresh plant litter. The seasonality of Q₁₀ was site-dependent. The southern and middle sites had the lowest Q₁₀ in summer, consistent with the Seasonal Plasticity Hypothesis, which predicts lower temperature sensitivity in warmer seasons. In contrast, the Q₁₀ at the northern site remained stable during the growing season due to minor seasonal fluctuations in plant litter inputs and microbial community composition and functions. This work deepens our understanding on the complex relationships between Q₁₀, carbon availability and microorganisms over spatial and temporal scales by translating microbial phylogenetic data into life strategies.

土壤呼吸 (Rs)的温度敏感性 (Q ₁₀ ) 对于评估全球变暖下陆地生态系统的碳 (C) 收支至关重要。Q ₁₀沿气候梯度的变化及其季节性动态仍不清楚，潜在的微生物机制也不是很清楚。在这里，研究了天然温带混交林北部、中部和南部站点的 Rs的季节性 Q _{10 。}采样点的年平均温度 (MAT) 范围为 0.5 至 4.9 °C。气候带上的 Q ₁₀模式高度依赖于季节，Q ₁₀在春季和秋季向南部地区增加，但在夏季采样点的水平相似。在春季，Q ₁₀与微生物群落组成和功能无关。相反，春季 Q ₁₀随着碳可用性从北到南的减少而增加，这与碳质量温度理论一致。在夏季，Q ₁₀与微生物r策略特征的优势密切相关，其特点是高富营养/寡营养和不稳定/顽固的 C 降解基因比率。然而，在秋季，Q ₁₀由K驱动-选择的微生物群落，这可能归因于新鲜植物凋落物介导的启动效应。Q ₁₀的季节性取决于地点。南部和中部地区夏季的 Q _{10最低，这与}季节可塑性假设一致，后者预测温暖季节的温度敏感性较低。相比之下，由于植物凋落物输入和微生物群落组成和功能的轻微季节性波动，北部站点的 Q ₁₀在生长季节保持稳定。_{这项工作加深了我们对 Q 10}之间复杂关系的理解，通过将微生物系统发育数据转化为生命策略，在空间和时间尺度上的碳可用性和微生物。