Panax ginseng is a rare and traditional herbal medicine with many pharmacological activities. After ginseng was approved as a new resource food by the Ministry of Health, ginseng food was vigorously researched and developed. As an alternative resource for cultivated ginseng, ginseng tissue cultures has good development potential, but there are few studies on its component and pharmacological activity. In this study, we analyzed the compositional characteristics of polysaccharides in ginseng root cultures. Compared with cultivated ginseng, the relative molecular weight of ginseng polysaccharides in ginseng root cultures was smaller, and the proportion of acidic polysaccharides such as galacturonic acid was higher. Correspondingly, compared with cultivated ginseng, polysaccharide of ginseng root cultures has higher intestinal microbial diversity and abundance of Lactobacillus. On this basis, we constructed a genetic transformation system for ginseng root cultures through gene editing of galacturonic acid which significantly increased the content of uronic acid. This research laid the foundation for the development of ginseng polysaccharide medicines and health products.

人参是一种稀有的传统草药，具有多种药理活性。人参被卫生部批准为新资源食品后，大力研发人参食品。作为栽培人参的替代资源，人参组织培养物具有良好的发展潜力，但对其成分和药理活性的研究较少。在这项研究中，我们分析了多糖的组成特征在人参根培养物中。与栽培人参相比，人参根培养物中人参多糖的相对分子量较小，而半乳糖醛酸等酸性多糖的比例较高。相应地，与栽培人参相比，人参根培养物的多糖具有更高的肠道微生物多样性和乳酸菌的丰度。在此基础上，我们通过基因编辑半乳糖醛酸构建了人参根培养的遗传转化系统，显着提高了糖醛酸的含量。该研究为人参多糖类药物和保健品的开发奠定了基础。