Postoperative AKI is a common complication of major surgery and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes AKI definition allows consensus classification and identification of postoperative AKI through changes in serum creatinine and/or urine output. However, such conventional diagnostic criteria may be inaccurate in the postoperative period, suggesting a potential to refine diagnosis by application of novel diagnostic biomarkers. Risk factors for the development of postoperative AKI can be thought of in terms of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors and, as such, represent areas that may be targeted perioperatively to minimize the risk of AKI. The treatment of postoperative AKI remains predominantly supportive, although application of management bundles may translate into improved outcomes.

术后 AKI 是大手术的常见并发症，与显着的发病率和死亡率相关。肾脏疾病改善全球结局 AKI 定义允许通过血清肌酐和/或尿量的变化对术后 AKI 进行共识分类和识别。然而，这种传统的诊断标准在术后可能不准确，这表明通过应用新型诊断生物标志物来完善诊断的潜力。术后发生 AKI 的危险因素可以从术前、术中和术后因素来考虑，因此代表了围手术期可针对的区域，以尽量减少 AKI 风险。术后 AKI 的治疗仍然主要是支持性的，尽管管理束的应用可能会改善结果。