Graphene plasmons have attracted enormous research interest due to their dynamic tunability and the extreme field confinement they provide. However, despite their popularity, most studies revolving around graphene plasmons have been restricted to room temperature, leaving unconsidered important tunability knob. In this work, we experimentally investigate the temperature-dependent plasmonic properties of graphene nanoresonators with varying widths on SiO₂ substrate by infrared transmission spectroscopy. As temperature drops from 300 to 100 K, the intensity of the graphene plasmon resonance peak increases up to 76%, and the amount of enhancement decreases with increasing carrier concentration and decreasing resonator width. We attribute the enhancement of graphene plasmon resonance to an additional hole doping of Δp = 1.37 × 10¹² cm^–2 associated with cooling and reduced plasmon damping due to the suppression of phonon-mediated scattering channels. Our results uncover the significance of temperature effects that can be exploited in graphene-based tunable plasmonic devices operating at low temperatures.

中文翻译：

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石墨烯纳米谐振器的温度相关等离子体响应

石墨烯等离子激元因其动态可调性和它们提供的极端场限制而引起了极大的研究兴趣。然而，尽管它们很受欢迎，但大多数围绕石墨烯等离子体的研究都仅限于室温，留下了未被考虑的重要可调旋钮。_{在这项工作中，我们通过实验研究了在 SiO 2}上具有不同宽度的石墨烯纳米谐振器与温度相关的等离子体特性。用红外透射光谱法测定底物。随着温度从 300 K 下降到 100 K，石墨烯等离子共振峰的强度增加到 76%，并且增强量随着载流子浓度的增加和谐振腔宽度的减小而减小。我们将石墨烯等离子体共振的增强归因于额外的空穴掺杂 Δ p = 1.37 × 10 ¹² cm ^–2与冷却相关，并且由于声子介导的散射通道的抑制而降低了等离子体阻尼。我们的结果揭示了温度效应的重要性，可以在低温下运行的基于石墨烯的可调谐等离子体器件中加以利用。