Land application of biosolids as a source of crop fertilizer and soil organic matter can be viewed as a sustainable approach to maintain soil productivity. Field-based experiments were conducted to examine the effects of three municipal biosolids (composted, liquid mesophilic anaerobically digested, and alkaline treated) on soil nitrogen dynamics and corn response, applied over three years in Nova Scotia, Canada. A total of fifteen treatments were evaluated in this study based on application management (surface vs. incorporation) of biosolids and the application of biosolids at a reduced rate with urea supplementation. Agronomic parameters were measured (corn yield and nitrogen uptake) and examined relative to the amendment rates to develop nutrient use efficiency indices. Our results indicate that soil pH was significantly increased by 1–1.5 pH units in alkaline treated biosolids (ATB) treatments under both application methods compared to liquid mesophilic anaerobically digested biosolids (LMAD), composted biosolids (COMP), urea, and an unamended soil control. The soil and plant responses were greatest for ATB>LMAD>COMP. Average soil mineral nitrogen (SMN) concentrations in surface applied biosolids ranged from 25.1 to 33.28 mg kg^-1 in the three years of the study, but greater concentrations (33.27–39.39 mg kg^-1) were observed when the biosolids were incorporated. The incorporation of biosolids also increased corn biomass yield by 18–33% and nitrogen uptake by 25–38% compared to the surface applied over three years.

将生物固体作为作物肥料和土壤有机质来源的土地应用可以被视为维持土壤生产力的可持续方法。进行了基于田间的实验，以检查三种市政生物固体（堆肥、液体中温厌氧消化和碱处理）对土壤氮动态和玉米响应的影响，在加拿大新斯科舍省应用了三年。在这项研究中，基于生物固体的应用管理（表面与掺入）以及通过尿素补充剂以降低的速率应用生物固体，总共评估了 15 种处理方法。测量农艺参数（玉米产量和氮吸收）并相对于修正率进行检查，以制定养分利用效率指数。我们的结果表明，土壤 pH 值显着增加了 1-1。与液体中温厌氧消化生物固体 (LMAD)、堆肥生物固体 (COMP)、尿素和未经修正的土壤控制相比，两种施用方法下碱处理生物固体 (ATB) 处理的 5 个 pH 单位。ATB>LMAD>COMP对土壤和植物的反应最大。表面施用的生物固体中的平均土壤矿物氮 (SMN) 浓度范围为 25.1 至 33.28 mg kg^-1在三年的研究中，但在加入生物固体时观察到更高的浓度（33.27–39.39 mg kg ^{-1 ）。}与三年内施用的表面相比，生物固体的掺入还增加了 18-33% 的玉米生物量产量和 25-38% 的氮吸收。