Vaccines are vital to protecting health. However, fear and experiencing vasovagal symptoms (e.g., dizziness) are deterrents to medical procedures. Thus, study aims were to test (1) if vaccine relevant fears predict vasovagal symptoms during or following seasonal influenza vaccination and (2) if vaccine relevant fears and vasovagal symptoms predict seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Using a prospective design, 1077 participants recruited online completed surveys during Oct 2019 assessing vaccine relevant fears, and May–June 2020 assessing 2019–2020 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake, ratings of vasovagal symptoms, and seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccination intention. A behavioral follow up assessing 2020–2021 seasonal influenza and COVID-19 vaccine uptake took place June–July 2021. Heightened vaccine relevant fears predicted reduced 2019–2020 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake and greater vasovagal symptoms among those who did receive a seasonal influenza vaccine. Serial mediation analyses identified significant indirect effects with greater vaccine relevant fears reducing 2020–2021 seasonal influenza vaccine uptake through intention and reducing COVID-19 vaccine uptake through vasovagal symptoms and intention. Intervention research to reduce fear and prevent vasovagal symptoms to support vaccine uptake is warranted.

中文翻译：

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预测 COVID-19 和季节性流感疫苗的摄入：恐惧和血管迷走神经症状的影响

疫苗对于保护健康至关重要。然而，恐惧和经历血管迷走神经症状（例如，头晕）会阻碍医疗程序。因此，研究目的是测试 (1) 与疫苗相关的恐惧是否可以预测季节性流感疫苗接种期间或之后的血管迷走神经症状，以及 (2) 与疫苗相关的恐惧和血管迷走神经症状是否可以预测季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗的接种。使用前瞻性设计，1077 名参与者在 2019 年 10 月期间招募了在线完成的调查，以评估与疫苗相关的恐惧，并于 2020 年 5 月至 6 月评估 2019 年至 2020 年季节性流感疫苗的接种情况、血管迷走神经症状的评级以及季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向。2021 年 6 月至 7 月对 2020-2021 年季节性流感和 COVID-19 疫苗接种情况进行了行为跟进评估。与疫苗相关的恐惧加剧预示着 2019-2020 年季节性流感疫苗的接种率会降低，并且在那些确实接种过季节性流感疫苗的人群中会出现更严重的血管迷走神经症状。系列调解分析确定了显着的间接影响，即更大的疫苗相关恐惧通过意图减少 2020-2021 季节性流感疫苗的摄入，并通过血管迷走神经症状和意图减少 COVID-19 疫苗的摄入。减少恐惧和预防血管迷走神经症状以支持疫苗接种的干预研究是必要的。系列调解分析确定了显着的间接影响，即更大的疫苗相关恐惧通过意图减少 2020-2021 季节性流感疫苗的摄入，并通过血管迷走神经症状和意图减少 COVID-19 疫苗的摄入。减少恐惧和预防血管迷走神经症状以支持疫苗接种的干预研究是必要的。系列调解分析确定了显着的间接影响，即更大的疫苗相关恐惧通过意图减少 2020-2021 季节性流感疫苗的摄入，并通过血管迷走神经症状和意图减少 COVID-19 疫苗的摄入。减少恐惧和预防血管迷走神经症状以支持疫苗接种的干预研究是必要的。