Picric acid (PA) has a severe environmental risk and security problem owing to its unstable property and high toxic. On-field selective and sensitive detection of trace PA is also a challenging task. PA molecules due to poor affinity to surface of noble metal nanoparticles are hardly detectable by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) method. In this work, silver shell and gold core nanoparticles with inositol hexaphosphate inner gap (Au@IP₆@AgNPs) is prepared and then two-dimension (2D) substrate at the ITO surface (designated as ITO-Au@IP₆@Ag) is formed via self-assembly. For capturing PA, we firstly modify creatinine (CRN) molecules onto the ITO-Au@IP₆@Ag designated as ITO-Au@IP₆@Ag@CRN to construct a specific SERS chip for PA, taking advantage of Jaffe reaction between PA and CRN. The generated Jaffe Complex has the greater Raman scattering section with respect to PA. Therefore, such chip-based SERS array for PA shows a good sensitivity and selectivity and the limit of detection at 3.9 × 10⁻¹¹ mol/L could be reached. As real applications, the ITO-Au@IP₆@Ag@CRN chips have been used for identification of PA in environmental samples such as clothing, envelope, and luggage, and determination of trace PA (~10⁻⁷ mol/L) in lake water. It demonstrates a promising perspective for on-site detection of the explosive for public security.

苦味酸(PA)由于其性质不稳定、毒性大，具有严重的环境风险和安全问题。痕量 PA 的现场选择性和灵敏检测也是一项具有挑战性的任务。由于对贵金属纳米粒子表面的亲和力较差，PA分子很难通过表面增强拉曼散射（SERS）方法检测到。在这项工作中，制备了具有六磷酸肌醇内隙（Au@IP _{6 @AgNPs）的银壳和金核纳米粒子，然后在 ITO 表面（指定为 ITO-Au@IP 6} @Ag）进行二维（2D）衬底。是通过自组装形成的。为了捕获 PA，我们首先将肌酐 (CRN) 分子修饰到 ITO-Au@IP ₆ @Ag 上，指定为 ITO-Au@IP ₆@Ag@CRN 为 PA 构建特定的 SERS 芯片，利用 PA 和 CRN 之间的 Jaffe 反应。生成的 Jaffe 复合物相对于 PA 具有更大的拉曼散射部分。因此，这种用于PA的基于芯片的SERS阵列显示出良好的灵敏度和选择性，可以达到3.9×10 ^{-11 mol/L的检测限。}作为实际应用，ITO-Au@IP ₆ @Ag@CRN 芯片已被用于识别服装、信封和行李箱等环境样品中的 PA，以及测定微量 PA (~10 ^-7 mol/L)湖水。它为现场检测公共安全爆炸物提供了广阔的前景。