In order to avoid the serious air pollution caused by the volatilization of high recalcitrant pyridine, membrane-aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) with bubble-free aeration was used in this study, with the structural characteristics and microbial function of biofilm emphasized. The results showed that as high as 0.6 kg·m⁻³·d⁻¹ pyridine could be completely removed in MABR. High pyridine loading thickened the biofilm, but without obvious detachment observed. The distinct stratification of microbes and extracellular polymeric substances were shaped by elevated pyridine load, enhancing the structural heterogeneity of biofilm. The increased tryptophan-like substances as well as α-helix and β-sheet proportion in proteins stabilized the biofilm structure against high influent loading. Based on the identified intermediates, possible pyridine biodegradation pathways were proposed. Multi-omics analyses revealed that the metabolic pathways with initial hydroxylation and reduction reaction was enhanced at high pyridine loading. The functional genes were mainly associated with Pseudomonas and Delftia, might responsible for pyridine biodegradation. The results shed light on the effective treatment of wastewater containing recalcitrant pollutants such as pyridine via MABR.

为了避免高顽固性吡啶挥发造成的严重空气污染，本研究采用无气泡曝气的膜曝气生物膜反应器（MABR），强调生物膜的结构特征和微生物功能。结果表明，高达0.6 kg·m ^-3 ·d ^-1吡啶可以在 MABR 中完全去除。高吡啶负载使生物膜增厚，但没有观察到明显的脱离。增加的吡啶负荷形成微生物和细胞外聚合物的明显分层，增强了生物膜的结构异质性。增加的类色氨酸物质以及蛋白质中的α-螺旋和β-折叠比例稳定了生物膜结构以抵抗高进水负荷。基于确定的中间体，提出了可能的吡啶生物降解途径。多组学分析表明，具有初始羟基化和还原反应的代谢途径在高吡啶负载下得到增强。功能基因主要与假单胞菌属和代尔夫特菌属有关，可能负责吡啶的生物降解。该结果揭示了通过 MABR 有效处理含有顽固性污染物（如吡啶）的废水。