A novel integrated aeroelastic model of flapping wings (FWs) undergoing a prescribed rigid body motion is presented. In this respect, the FW nonlinear structural dynamics is enhanced via a newly proposed modification of implicit condensation and expansion (MICE) method that better considers the structural nonlinear effects. In addition, the unsteady aerodynamic model is also an extension of the widely utilized modified strip theory (MST) in which the flexibility effects are accounted for (MST-Flex). The integrated utility of the proposed generalized MICE and MST-Flex is demonstrated to be more realistic for elastic FW flight simulation applications. The prescribed rigid body motion is produced via a servo motor whose dynamics is also considered for the analysis. A special case study is also performed whose combined aeroelastic solution is determined and validated under a sinusoidal flapping motion. To this end, an experimental setup is designed and tested in order to validate the proposed integrated approach for aeroelastic modeling of FWs. There is very good agreement between the numerical and experimental results for elastic FW aerodynamics. It should be noted that the proposed integrated aeroelastic approach is readily adaptable to all kinds of elastic wings with arbitrary geometry and various combination of structural elements.

提出了一种新的扑翼 (FW) 进行规定的刚体运动的集成气动弹性模型。在这方面，FW 非线性结构动力学通过新提出的隐式压缩和扩展 (MICE) 方法的修改得到增强，该修改更好地考虑了结构非线性效应。此外，非定常气动模型也是广泛使用的修正条带理论 (MST) 的扩展，其中考虑了柔性效应 (MST-Flex)。所提出的广义 MICE 和 MST-Flex 的集成实用程序被证明对于弹性 FW 飞行模拟应用更加现实。规定的刚体运动是通过伺服电机产生的，其动力学也被考虑用于分析。还进行了一个特殊的案例研究，其组合气动弹性解决方案是在正弦扑动运动下确定和验证的。为此，设计和测试了一个实验装置，以验证所提出的 FW 气动弹性建模集成方法。弹性 FW 空气动力学的数值和实验结果非常吻合。应该指出的是，所提出的集成气动弹性方法很容易适用于具有任意几何形状和各种结构元件组合的各种弹性机翼。弹性 FW 空气动力学的数值和实验结果非常吻合。应该指出的是，所提出的集成气动弹性方法很容易适用于具有任意几何形状和各种结构元件组合的各种弹性机翼。弹性 FW 空气动力学的数值和实验结果非常吻合。应该指出的是，所提出的集成气动弹性方法很容易适用于具有任意几何形状和各种结构元件组合的各种弹性机翼。