Conflicts between people over conservation are increasing and are likely to become more acute with global change and increased competition for resources. In this article, we add to the toolbox of conservation practitioners trying to prevent and resolve conflicts, often in a local or regional context, with insights and knowledge from the techniques that diplomats employ. These techniques include conflict prevention such as early-warning systems and knowledge gathering for in-depth understanding of conflicts. Conflict resolution is managed through quiet or preventive diplomacy, such as mediation, shuttle diplomacy and arbitration, or the application of external pressures including through media campaigns, legislation and sanctions. We argue that while conservation may in some cases already use these techniques, their application could be more widespread, and conservationists could make greater use of the wealth of resources available to guide the use of those techniques. We conclude with a need for more systematic dissemination and use of these techniques, as well as sharing of experiences of conflict prevention and resolution in conservation to build greater capacity and reduce the negative impacts of conflicts on conservation outcomes and human well-being.

中文翻译：

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预防和解决保护冲突的外交见解

人们之间关于保护的冲突正在增加，并且可能随着全球变化和资源竞争的加剧而变得更加尖锐。在本文中，我们向保护实践者添加了试图预防和解决冲突的工具箱，通常是在当地或区域背景下，利用外交官所采用的技术的见解和知识。这些技术包括预防冲突，例如预警系统和深入了解冲突的知识收集。解决冲突是通过安静或预防性外交来管理的，例如调解、穿梭外交和仲裁，或通过媒体宣传、立法和制裁等施加外部压力。我们认为，虽然保护在某些情况下可能已经使用这些技术，它们的应用可以更广泛，保护主义者可以更多地利用可用于指导这些技术的使用的丰富资源。最后，我们需要更系统地传播和使用这些技术，以及分享在保护方面预防和解决冲突的经验，以建立更大的能力并减少冲突对保护结果和人类福祉的负面影响。